Cellular respiration

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

Total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body

Question 2

Metabolism converts

Answer 2

the food you eat into the energy and materials needed for all life processes

Question 3

What is the most important catabolic process

Answer 3

Cellular respiration

Question 4

Cellular respiration word equation

Answer 4

glucose + oxygen ——> water + carbon dioxide + energy

Question 5

Cellular respiration chemical equation

Answer 5

C6H126O2 + 6O2 ——> 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy (heat +ATP)

Question 6

Two types of cellular respiration

Answer 6

Anaerobic (without oxygen) and aerobic (with oxygen)

Question 7

How cellular respiration works

Answer 7

The cell converts the ‘unusable’ energy from the glucose into usable energy by using energy from the breakdown of glucose to synthesis ATP (anabolic). The ATP is then broken down back into ADP and phosphate (catabolic) and energy are released into the cell

Question 8

Where does cellular respiration occur

Answer 8

First stage (anaerobic) takes place in the cytoplasm
Second stage (aerobic) takes place in the mitochondria

Question 9

Glycolysis

Answer 9

Breaks down one molecule of glucose to produce pyruvate (pyruvic acid), produces 2 molecules of ATP, requires no oxygen meaning it is anaerobic and occurs in the cytosol where there are enzymes

Question 10

Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)

Answer 10

Series of reactions during which pyruvate is broken down with oxygen, energy from the cycle is used to convert ADP to 2 molecules of ATP where energy is stored, occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

Question 11

Electron transport chain

Answer 11

final steps of aerobic respiration, occurs across the inner mitochondria membrane where there are enzymes, requires oxygen, produces 34 ATP molecules

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

Occurs when too little oxygen is available, lactic acid fermentation occurs which is when pyruvate produced in glycolysis in the cytoplasm is converted to lactic acid which produces 2 molecules of ATP

Question 13

Lactic acid

Answer 13

toxic and if it builds up can cause muscle pain, broken down in the liver using oxygen to form glucose and then glucose to be stored

Question 14

Oxygen debt/recovery oxygen

Answer 14

when cells respire anaerobically, producing lactic acid they incur an oxygen debt because to convert the acid to glucose oxygen is needed, the recovery oxygen is then needed

Question 15

Major use of energy in our body

Answer 15

60%-80% of energy produced is used as heat energy which maintains body temperature

Question 16

Use of leftover energy in our body

Answer 16

Remaining energy is used for muscle contraction, active transport, synthesis of larger molecules, transmission of nerve impulse, cell division, cellular activities

Question 17

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 17

Smallest amount of energy that can sustain life