diverstiy unit test

Question 1

morphological

Answer 1

body shape, size etc. whether similar organisms represent different species

Question 2

Advantages and disadvantages of morphological

Answer 2

advantages
simple to use
disadvantages
hard to decide if the difference is too much

Question 3

biological

Answer 3

based on weather 2 organisms can have fertile and viable offspring

Question 4

advantages and disadvantages of biological

Answer 4

advantages
wildly used in science
disadvantage
cannot be applied in all cases

Question 5

phylogenetic

Answer 5

examine the evolutionary history of organisms

Question 6

advantages and disadvantages of phylogenetic

Answer 6

advantage
able to incorporate DNA evidence
disadvantage
evolutionary history is not known for all species

Question 7

taxonomy

Answer 7

identifies, names and classifies species based on features

Question 8

binomial nomenclature

Answer 8

2 Latin names for each species

Question 9

taxonomy categories

Answer 9

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 10

what domains are archebacteria and eubacteria

Answer 10

archebacteria - archaea
eubacteria - bacteria

Question 11

what domain is protista,fungi,plantea and animalia apart of

Answer 11

Eukraya

Question 12

eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 12

eukaryotic
cells with a true nucleus
prokaryotic
genetic material is free-floating in the cell

Question 13

viruses

Answer 13

small, non-cellular particles that don’t embody the characteristics of living things

Question 14

what are viruses composed of

Answer 14

nucleic acids, RNA and DNA and enclosed in a protein coat called capsid

Question 15

lytic VS lysogenic

Answer 15

lytic
virus replicates quickly and destroys the host cell
lysogenic
provirus DNA attaches to the chromosome to replicate and pass through generations without harming the host cell
activated by nutrient changes to cause the lytic cycle

Question 16

antibiotics

Answer 16

substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms
DOESN’T destroy viruses

Question 17

vaccines

Answer 17

liquid weakened or dead viruses/bacterial cells that stimulate the immune system

Question 18

bacteria characteristics

Answer 18

unicellular
prokaryotic
no membrane around organelles
reproduce asexually

Question 19

clumped circular bacteria

Answer 19

staphylococci

Question 22

extremophiles and mesophiles

Answer 22

extremophiles
able to live in extreme conditions
mesophile
able to live in moderate conditions

Question 23

3 types of extremophiles

Answer 23

thermophiles
able to live in extreme heat
acidophiles
can live in acidic conditions
halophiles
live in extremely salty water

Question 24

binary fission

Answer 24

copy the chromosomes
cell elongates
cell build septum between them splits into 2 identical cells

Question 25

conjunction and plasmids

Answer 25

one cell links to another through pusil
genetic info is exchanged
binary fission occurs

Question 26

gram +
gram -

Answer 26

gram +
thick protein layer on the cell wall
stains purple
gram -
thin protein layer on the cell wall
stains pink

Question 27

hetrothroph VS autotroph

Answer 27

heterotroph
consumes other organisms
autotroph
produces its food

Question 28

animal-like

Answer 28

consumes other organisms for food
contain digesting vacuoles
some can be parasites

Question 29

fungi-like

Answer 29

absorbs nutrients from other organisms living or dead

Question 30

plant-like

Answer 30

makes food by photosynthesis
consumes others if there is no light

Question 31

parasitic

Answer 31

absorbs nutrients from host living cells

Question 32

mutualists

Answer 32

gets nutrients from beneficial partnerships

Question 33

structure of fungi

Answer 33

hyphae packed together
branch out into mycelia that help absorb nutrients

Question 34

fruiting body

Answer 34

spores producing reproductive structure in fungi

Question 35

hyphae

Answer 35

multicellular thread

Question 36

predatory

Answer 36

mycelia can trap prey

Question 37

seprobial

Answer 37

feed on dead organisms and organic waste

Question 38

fungi’s impact on humans

Answer 38

helps suppress the immune system from rejecting transplanted organs
can deform potatoes so they can’t be sold

Question 39

characteristics of animal kingdoms

Answer 39

eukaryotic
heterotrophs
they can move around and reproduce sexually

Question 40

radical symmetry

Answer 40

body plan that dived through the central axis into to roughly equal haves

Question 41

bilateral symmetry

Answer 41

body plan that dived through the central axis into to equal haves

Question 42

internal fertilization

Answer 42

egg and sperm are combined in the females

Question 43

external fertilization

Answer 43

gametes are combined outside of the body