evolution

Question 1

what were Leclerc’s ideas

Answer 1

life forms are unchanging
humans and apes have a common ancestor

Question 2

what were Cuvier’s ideas

Answer 2

paleontology
the study of ancient fossils
catastrophism
occurs when a disruptive event happens causing extinction and replacement with new species

Question 3

what were Lyell’s idea

Answer 3

uniformitarianism
slow and subtle changes resulting in substantial changes in an environment

Question 4

what were Lamarck’s idea

Answer 4

line of descent
old fossils leading to modern species and species increase complexity over time
inheritance of acquired traits
organisms become better adapted to their environment and most used body parts become stronger

Question 5

what were Weismen’s ideas

Answer 5

The only material that can be passed on is the one in our sperm and eggs

Question 6

what were darwin’s ideas

Answer 6

the theory of evolution by natural selection
hoe life has changed and continuously changed earth history
descent with modification
the ability to survive local environmental conditions

Question 7

fossil records

Answer 7

fossils closer to the surface are more alike to species today they are in chronological order

Question 8

transitional fossils

Answer 8

fossils that show intermediate link between a group of organisms

Question 9

homologous v analogous

Answer 9

homologous
body parts that are similar in structure but no in function
analogous
structures with the same function but different internal anatomy

Question 10

3 types of adaptations

Answer 10

behavioural
the things an organism do to survive and reproduce
physiological
permit organisms to perform special functions
structural
physical features of an organisms that help them adapt

Question 11

mimcry

Answer 11

when a prey will mimic a predator to help them survive

Question 12

adaptations vs variations

Answer 12

adaptation
processes that have an organism to survive and reproduce
variations
surgical, behavioural and physiological differences between individuals

Question 13

mutations

Answer 13

permanent changes in the DNA can be positive or negative

Question 14

selective advantage

Answer 14

helps an organisms survive and reptoduce

Question 15

natural selection v artificial selection

Answer 15

artificial
selective pressure from humans in populations in order to improve a mod
natural selecting for individual in a populations

Question 16

fitness

Answer 16

the contribution of an individual creates a gene flow

Question 17

monoculture

Answer 17

planting the same plants all over a crop field so if one of them gets the disease

Question 18

gene pool

Answer 18

total of all alleles of the next generation

Question 19

monoculture

Answer 19

the % of each allele within a populations

Question 20

micro evloutions

Answer 20

micro evoloutions
changing persentages of alleles

Question 21

gene flow

Answer 21

between 2 different inbreeding populations

Question 22

non-random mating

Answer 22

When individuals pick a mate based on phenotypes

Question 23

founder effect

Answer 23

when a small part of a population leave to make an isolated one but this often lead to inbreeding

Question 24

the bottle neck effect

Answer 24

when a traumatic event happens and wipes out most of the populations when they reproduce this will lead to less variety

Question 25

sexual selection

Answer 25

a competition based on mena nd females choices

Question 26

sexual dimorphisms

Answer 26

striking difference between males and females within species

Question 27

macroevolution

Answer 27

evolutionary changes that occur at the species level

Question 28

species

Answer 28

1 or more populations of individuals that can interbreed naturally

Question 29

speciation

Answer 29

formation of new species from a existing one

Question 30

behavioural pre zygote

Answer 30

prevents other spp. from recognizing

Question 31

temporal

Answer 31

2 species that live in the same mating season they will in different areas

Question 32

ecological

Answer 32

2 species that live in the same habitat but different mating season

Question 33

mechanical

Answer 33

structural difference in reproductive organs

Question 34

gametes

Answer 34

if egg and sperm come form 2 different species

Question 35

post zygote
hybrid sterility

Answer 35

produced sterile offspring

Question 36

hybrid breakdown

Answer 36

when hybrid mates are weak and sertilie

Question 37

hybird inviablilty

Answer 37

development ends early and baby dies early

Question 38

sympatric speciation

Answer 38

when populations that live in the same habitat diverge and become reproductively loslated

Question 39

allopatric

Answer 39

when populations separate goegraphicall barrier and diverge genetically