animal system unit test Flashcards
vital capacity formula
VC = IRV + TV + ERV
total lung capacity formula
TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV
cardiac output
The amount of blood pumped from each ventricle in 1 min
what is heart rate
75 BMP at rest
what is stroke volume?
70 MLS
peristalsis
wave-like series of involuntary muscle contractions that push food down the esophagus
relationship between the respiratory and circulatory system
pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs
pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
gastric juices
hydrochloric acid
kills bacteria
converts pepsinogen to pepsin
breakdown of fibrous tissues in food
EXTREMELY ACIDIC
mucus
protects the stomach lining from being digested
the difference between 2 structures
stomach
j-shaped can expand up to 1.5L
1 layer of gastric juices 3 layers of muscles churn foods to mechanically break food down
small intestine
upside down U 3 sections ascending transversing descending
blood pressure
the force that blood exerts against walls
systolic pressure
the pressure generated when contracting and pushing blood out and away from the heart
diastolic pressure
pressure generated when ventricles relax and fill with blood
digestive disorder
constipation
symptoms
bowel movements reduced to 2-3 times a week
stools are dry, small, and hard to eliminate causes are lack of good nerve and muscle function unhealthy diet -> more fibres
vasodilation
dilate
will occur when the core of the body is hot vessels will dilate releasing blood to the surface of the body and heat will escape across the skin
vasoconstriction
constrict
to reduce heat loss through the skin vessels constrict reducing blood flow to the skin
