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zFoM by me > Diversity of Cells and Their Function 🗸 > Flashcards

Diversity of Cells and Their Function 🗸 Flashcards

1
Q

haematoxylin

A

stains acidic molecules purple

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2
Q

Eosin

A

stains basic molecules pink

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3
Q

Epithelium

A

Covers the surfaces of the body, lines hollow organs and forms glands

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4
Q

What is the basal lamina?

A

the basement membrane
a thin layer of specialised extracellular material between the basal surface (bottom) of epithelial cells and underlying tissues

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5
Q

Is the epithelium vascular?

A

No, non-vascular

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6
Q

Are the epithelium cells polarised or non-polarised

A

polarised, the apical and basal sides differ

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7
Q

apical side of the epithelium

A

faces the lumen of a tube of the external environment

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8
Q

basal side of the epithelium

A

attaches to the basement membrane

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9
Q

6 functions of the epithelium

A

Mechanical barrier
Chemical barrier
Absorption
Secretion
Containment
Locomotion

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10
Q

Three cell shapes of the epithelium

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

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11
Q

Squamous shaped epithelium

A

flattened

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12
Q

cuboidal shaped epithelium

A

cube

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13
Q

columnar shaped epithelium

A

tall and thin

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14
Q

Three layers of epithelium

A

Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified

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15
Q

simple layered epithelium

A

one layer

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16
Q

stratified layered epithelium

A

2 or more layers

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17
Q

pseudostratified layered epithelium

A

multiple layers all in contact with basal lamina

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18
Q

Three types of cell/tissue surface specialisations

A

Microvilli
Cilia
Keratinized

19
Q

An example of specialised cell types

A

Goblet cells

20
Q

What are the two types of glandular epithelia

A

Endocrine
Exocrine

21
Q

endocrine glandular epithelia

A

product is secreted towards basal end and distributed by vascular system, ductless

22
Q

exocrine glandular epithelia

A

product secreted towards apical end, ducted

23
Q

Three types of connective tissues

A

Soft connective tissue
Hard connective tissue
blood and lymph

24
Q

Soft connective tissue

A

tendons and ligaments
loose or dense (regular and irregular)

25
Q

loose soft connective tissue

A

loosely packed fibres separated by ground substance

26
Q

Dense soft connective fibres

A

densely packed bundles of collagen fibres
regular = aligned
irregular = fibre bundles run in different directions

27
Q

Hard connective tissue

A

bone or cartilage
strong, flexible, compressible, semi-rigid tissue

28
Q

bone - hard connective tissue

A

outer shell of cortical bone makes up shaft - diaphysis
cancellous/trabecular bone occupies ends - epiphysis

29
Q

cartilage - hard connective tissue

A

three types; hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

30
Q

blood and lymph

A

fluid connective tissues

31
Q

Muscle

A

specialised to generate the movement of actin fibres over myosin fibres to cause contraction

32
Q

Three types of muscle fibres

A

smooth muscle
skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle

33
Q

smooth muscle

A

involuntary movement, non-striated (not long lines)

34
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

voluntary movement, multinucleated, striated (long lines)

35
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

involuntary movement, single nucleus at centre of fibre, striated
Has intercalated discs which contain many intracellular junctions for stability

36
Q

Nervous tissue

A

consists of neurons and supporting cells
controls function and allows for rapid communication between different parts of the body

37
Q

Nervous tissue id surrounded by connective tissues, what are they?

A

Meninges in CNS
Epineurium in PNS

38
Q

Three types of Glia in the CNS

A

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia

39
Q

Astrocytes

A

provide support, involved in ion transport

40
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

produce myelin

41
Q

microglia

A

immune surveillance

42
Q

Glia of the PNS

A

Schwann Cells

43
Q

Schwann Cells

A

produce myelin and support axons

zFoM by me (37 decks)

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