Dissociation lec 1

Question 1

Neuro-myths

Answer 1

A misconception generated by misunderstanding, a misreading or a misquoting of facts scientifically established (by brain research) to make a case for the use of brain research in education or other contexts. they often originate from over generalizations of empirical research.

Question 2

Subtraction method (Donders)

Answer 2

He investigated mental states using mental chronometry: Reaction time paradigm: the use of reaction times to evaluate cognitive processes. He thought mental states are pure insertion. A single cognitive process that can be inserted into a task without affecting the duration of other processes. Later subtracting different processes to see RT difference

Question 3

Criticism for subtraction method

Answer 3

Fallacies of pure insertion: Potential other mental processes involved in task

Question 4

Dissociation

Answer 4

Identifying and localizing a particular brain function using case studies, neuroimaging and/or neuropsychological testing. It relates to a selective loss of function (which should not be confused with dissociative disorder: condition where you feel estranged from a part of your body/environment)

Question 5

Single dissociation

Answer 5

Difference between tasks due to brain lesion which must be associated with the aspect of behavior studied. Assumes serial organisation (if you write you have to be able to read). Assumes hierarchical order of brainfunctions

Question 6

Double dissociation

Answer 6

First records (Dejerine and Wilbrand) lesion in posterior brain, unable to read but recognize objects. In the other had the opposite. Different functions lie in different parts of the brain. However, neural network models can also show double dissociation.

Question 7

Interpretation of dissociation

Answer 7

In the test, the results need to fall outside of normative group and the results between performance on task A and B should differ significantly from each other