Directional References

Question 1

Cranial or Cephalic

Answer 1

Toward the head

Question 2

Posterior or Dorsal

Answer 2

The back surface (backside)

Question 3

Anterior or Ventral

Answer 3

The front surface; the belly

Question 4

Proximal

Answer 4

Toward and attached base (i.e. shoulder is proximal to wrist)

Question 5

Distal

Answer 5

Away from an attached base

Question 6

Lateral

Answer 6

Away from midline

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

Toward the midline

Question 8

Caudal

Answer 8

Toward the tail

Question 9

Superficial

Answer 9

at, near or on the surface of the body

Question 10

Deep

Answer 10

toward the interior of the body; away from the surface

Question 11

Frontal or Coronal Plane

Answer 11

Plane is parallel to long axis; separates anterior and posterior sections of the body; (coronal = section passing thru skull)

Question 12

Sagittal Plane

Answer 12

Separates right and left portions (cut down the middle, examine a sagittal section and cut sagittally)

Question 13

Parasagittally

Answer 13

cut sagittally but uneven on right and left side

Question 14

Transverse or Horizontal Section

Answer 14

separates superior and inferior parts of the body; cuts body in half at waist

Question 15

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 15

Contains:
Pleural cavity - lungs
Pericardial cavity - Heart

Separated from Abdominopelvic cavity by diaghram

Question 16

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 16

Contains:
Abdominal Cavity - (Liver, stomach, spleen, small/large intestine)
Pelvic Cavity - (pelvis bones, urinary bladder, reproductive system and distal large intestine)

Question 17

Serous Membrane

Answer 17

lines wall of body cavity and covers enclosed viscera:

Parietal layer: lines wall
Visceral Layer: Surrounds organs

Question 18

Viscera

Answer 18

organ