Digestion Flashcards
What does maltose get broken down into
Glucose + glucose
What is sucrose broken down into
Glucose + fructose
What is lactose broken down into
Glucose + galactose
What enzyme is used to break down starch
Amylase
What does starch get broken down into
Maltose
Where is amylase produced
Salivary glands and pancreas
Where is amylase released
Small intestines
Where are membrane bound disaccharidase
Plasma membrane of epithelial cells in ileum
Why are membrane bound enzymes useful
Short diffusion pathway
High conc directly outside for quick diffusion down conc grad
What bonds are broken down in the hydrolysis of lipids
Ester
What bonds are broken in the hydrolysis of polysaccharides
Glycosidic
What do lipids break down into
Monoglyceride + fatty acids
Where are lipase made
Pancreas
Where do lipase get released
Small intestine
Where are bile salts produced
Liver
Why is lipid emulsified
Increase SA for lipase to work on
What is a micelle
Monoglycerides and fatty acids stuck together with bile salts
What bond to endopeptideases work on
Peptide bonds within the polypeptide chain
Where do exopeptideases break bonds
The end peptide bond of the polypeptide chain. Releasing 1 amino acid
Why are endo and exo peptidase used
Increase SA for dipeptideases to work on
How is glucose moved into the ileum
Active transport on a co transport protein with N’a+
How is galactose moved into the ileum
Active transport on co transport protein with N’a+
How is fructose moved into the ileum
Facilitated diffusion
How do micelles help monoglycerides and fatty acids be absorbed into the ileum
Micelles constantly break up and release the monoglycerides and fatty acids allowing them to be absorbed. Monoglycerides and fatty acids are lipid soluble so can diffused straight across the phospholipid bilayer
