Diffusion Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles in a solution or a gas from an area of high concentration to a lower concentration
What affects rate of diffusion?
Temperature, concentration gradient, surface area to volume ratio
Order of lungs (smallest to largest)
Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea
What do you find in a alveoli?
Tiny blood vessel called capillary, only one rbc can pass at a time
What is low and high levels in blood from body before capillary?
Low=oxygen high=CO2
What is low and high levels in blood from body after capillary?
High=oxygen low=CO2
What happens in alveoli
Oxygen flows to capillary and co2 leaves capillary
Human What is the steep concentration gradient?
Ventilation circulation
How far is oxygen in alveoli from capillary?
2 cells
How do fish breath?
Through gills breathing oxygen dissolved in water
What do you find zooming in gills
Filaments, feathery like extensions
Fish Steep concentration gradient?
Well ventilated - oxygenated water constantly forced over gills
Rich blood supply to each lamellae of deoxygenated blood that flows in the opposite direction to the water, fully saturating with oxygen before visiting the body cells of the fish
What do you find zooming in filaments
Lamellae
Fish Short diffusion distance?
Thin membranes between the capillaries and the water (1 cell thick)
Fish Large surface area
Having lots of filaments, each studded with several lamellae
How does co2 enter leaf
Stomata
Where does photosynthesis occur
Palisade cells
Where does the co2 go after entering leaf
Moves into and fills the air spaces between the cells in the lower layer of the leaf before diffusing down the concentration gradient toward the palisade cells at the upper side of leaf
How does water enter roots
Though root hair cells by osmosis
What happens after water enters root
It will keep moving through several other root hair cells until it reaches the xylem vessel
What is a xylem vessel
A tube that goes all the way up the stem
What happens when water reaches the leaves
Xylem vessels are all bundled together in the veins of the leaf
What happens when water reaches the xylem tubes within the leaf vein?
Water diffuses by osmosis out of the xylem tubes through the air spaces in the leaf, and will meet the co2 in the photosynthesising palisade cells in the upper layer of the leaf, closest to sun and when the sun is shining co2 and water will react in the palisade cell to produce the products of photosynthesis
Plants Steep concentration gradient
Constant use of water and co2 in the leaf for photosynthesis creates a ‘void ‘ for more carbon dioxide and water to fill
