Diet And Digestion Flashcards
What do we use to test for starch
Iodine
What do we use to test for sugar
Benedict’s
What do we use to test for protein
Biuret solution
What should a balanced diet contain
Protein fat carbohydrates (starches and sugars) water vitamins minerals fibre
Which part of the digestive system contains the most bacteria
The intestines
What kills the bacteria
Stomach acid and enzymes
What can happen if you have too much or too little bacteria in the digestive system
You can develop illnesses such as gas bloating constipation and irritable bowel system
I am full of acid bacteria cannot survive me
Stomach
The inside of me is folded up to form many villi
Small intestine
My job is to reabsorb water back into the blood otherwise you would have diarrhoea
Large intestine
I am a muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach peristalsis is my speciality
Gullet
My job is just a green bile that emulsifies fat
Gal bladder
On the gateway to the digestive system food is chopped up and crashed in me
Mouth
I am so busy because I have so many jobs my role in the digestive system is to make bile
Liver
I am positioned under the stomach and I make enzymes that digests food
Pancreas
What are enzymes
Enzymes are biological or catalysis they increase the speed of chemical reactions they breakdown large food molecules down into smaller ones
Why do we have to breathe
Because all of the cells in our bodies need energy to stay alive we get energy out of our food in respiration
What is physical digestion
When the body chops grinds and churns up our food. This increases the surface area. It involves the teeth, the tongue and the muscular stomach wall.
What is chemical digestion?
Enzymes are chemicals that break down food into very small molecules that can be absorbed into our blood
Mouth
Saliva glands produce saliva the teeth chop the food into smaller pieces saliva contains a carbohydrates enzyme that digests starch
Gullet
Muscular tube that transports food to the stomach muscles contract to push the food down the tube this is called peristalsis
Stomach
Produces a protease enzymes therefore protein foods Are digested here produces hydrochloric acid which kills bacteria and provides the correct pH for the enzyme
Small intestine
The digestions of food is completed hear the food molecules are then absorbed that is when they pass through the wall of the intestine into the blood. The lining of the intestines is folded to form the villi these increase the surface for absorption
Large intestine
Water is reabsorbed and the faeces are formed
Liver
Produces bile. Bile emulsifies fats make it easier for the lipase to break the fat molecules down
Gall bladder
The gall bladder stores bile. Bile is squirted on to the food in the small intestine
Pancreas
Produces a number of different enzymes that digests food. The enzymes are transported to the small intestine which completes the digestion of food
Protein what it used for and deficiency disease
Growth and repair
Kwashiorkor
Vitamin c what it used for and deficiency disease
Healthy gums and skin
Scurvy
Vitamin d what it used for and deficiency disease
Strong bones and teeth
Ricketts
Iron what it used for and deficiency disease
For red blood cells
Anaemia
Fibre what it used for and deficiency disease
For healthy bowels
Constipation
Where are the carbohydrates enzymes produced?
In the saliva in our mouth
Where are protease enzymes produced
In the stomach
