Breathing And Movement

Question 1

Why do we have to breathe

Answer 1

We have to breathe because all the cells in our body needs energy to stay alive. We get energy out of our food in respiration

Question 2

Why do we need oxygen

Answer 2

Oxygen is needed to break down glucose and this gives out energy for cells to use. you get oxygen into your body by breathing in.

Question 3

Nasal cavity?

Answer 3

Warms, tests and moistens the air.

Question 4

Larynx?

Answer 4

Voice box-contains vocal chords which enables us to speak.

Question 5

Windpipe/trachea?

Answer 5

Directs air into and out of the lungs has C-shaped cartilage disks to prevent collapse.

Question 6

Bronchitis/Bronchioles?

Answer 6

Bronchitis and to the lungs and divide into many smaller bronchioles.

Question 7

Diaphragm?

Answer 7

Muscular sheet separating thorax and the rest of the body.

Question 8

Alveoli/Airsacks?

Answer 8

Gas exchange-oxygen defuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of it.

Question 9

What is breathing in called?

Answer 9

Breathing in is called inhalation when we inhale I containing oxygen is forced into the lungs.

Question 10

What is breathing out called?

Answer 10

Breathing out is called exhalation when we exhale I contain waste call the Carbon Dioxide is forced out of the lungs.

Question 11

What is ventilation?

Answer 11

Lungs are ventilated when we breathe this make sure that they work effectively.

Question 12

What happens to our rib cage when we inhale/exhale

Answer 12

When we inhale it lifts up and out and when we exhale it is pulled down and in.

Question 13

What happens to the diaphragm when we inhale/exhale

Answer 13

When we inhale it contracts and flattens and when we exhale it relaxes and Domes

Question 14

What happens to the volume of the thorax when we inhale/exhale

Answer 14

When we inhale the volume increases and when we exhale the volume decreases

Question 15

What happens to the pressure when we inhale/Exhale

Answer 15

When we inhale the pressure decreases and when we exhale the pressure increases

Question 16

What are alveoli?

Answer 16

The alveolus are found at the end of the bronchioles. They are tiny air sacs which have a wall of cells just one cell thick

Question 17

What makes the alveolus an efficient exchange surface

Answer 17

They have a large surface area lots of spherical alveoli provides a very large surface for gas exchange and thin walls of alveoli and the capillaries are one cell thick so gases diffused very quickly

Question 18

What happens when we exercise

Answer 18

We breathe faster and more deeply. This is because our muscle cells are contracting more and require more energy from respiration. More oxygen and glucose need to be absorbed into the blood. More carbon dioxide is is made as a waste product and it needs to be removed from the blood via the alveoli

Question 19

Nicotine

Answer 19

It is the addictive drug in a cigarette and it is a stimulant

Question 20

Carbon monoxide

Answer 20

Stops red blood cells from carrying oxygen around the body

Question 21

Particulates

Answer 21

Collect in the lungs and blacken them

Question 22

Harmful effects of smoking on the body

Answer 22

Throat cancer
Mouth cancer
Bronchitis
Emphysema
Heart disease
Lung cancer

Question 23

Asthma

Answer 23

Asthma is a disease that makes it difficult to breathe. You are always become swollen and the muscles constrict making your airway narrower

Question 24

What triggers asthma

Answer 24

Cigarette smoke
 cold air
Pet hair
Housedust
Infections

Question 25

What are the symptoms of asthma

Answer 25

Cough Waze Shortness of breath A feeling of tightness in the chest

Question 26

Inhalers

Answer 26

Blue-relaxes tightened airways | Brown-prevents swelling

Question 27

How does the mucus and the cilia help keep the airway free of dust and bacteria

Answer 27

The mucus makes the dust stick | The cilia moves the mucus up through the trachea

Question 28

What effect does tar have on the cilia

Answer 28

It paralyses them so they can't move

Question 29

What are the bones in your arm called

Answer 29

Ulna Radius Humerus

Question 30

What are the bones in your leg called

Answer 30

Femur | Fibula tibia

Question 31

Gliding joints

Answer 31

Wrist Ankle The bones have a flat surface which can slide over each other to allow movement in one plane

Question 32

Fixed joint

Answer 32

Skull | These bones are joined together and cannot move as an adult

Question 33

Ball and socket joint

Answer 33

Shoulder Hip The joint can move in nearly any direction

Question 34

Hinge joint

Answer 34

``` Knee Elbow Fingers Toes The joint can only move in one direction ```

Question 35

Pivot joint

Answer 35

Neck | This allows the head to nod and turn

Question 36

The skeleton needs to be strong but not to heavy how is this achieved

Answer 36

The bones are made of hollow tubes

Question 37

What does antagonistic pairs mean

Answer 37

It means that when one muscle contracts and shortens the other relaxes to its full length

Question 38

Tendons

Answer 38

Muscles are attached to bend by tendons. They can't stretch if they did the muscle would not be able to move a bone at a joint

Question 39

How don't bones rub together and get hot and painful

Answer 39

Because moving joints are synovial joints

Question 40

Ligaments

Answer 40

These attach bone to bone and help make joints stable

Question 41

Cartilage

Answer 41

A white smooth shiny substance which reduces friction and prevents bone rubbing against bone. Found at the end of bones

Question 42

Synovial fluid

Answer 42

This is secreted by the synovial membrane into the joint cavity. It acts as a shock absorber and helps reduce friction. The synovial membrane keeps the fluid from escaping