DIARRHEA Flashcards
DIARRHEA is classified according to (4)
Classified according to severity, mechanism, duration, and stool characteristic
Diarrhea lasting less than 4 weeks is defined as _____, and diarrhea persisting for more than 4 weeks is termed _____ diarrhea
acute; chronic
The major mechanisms of diarrhea are (3)
secretory, osmotic, and intestinal hypermotility
Diarrhea with osmolality gap of <50mosm/kg
SECRETORY DIARRHEA
caused by increased secretion of water and electrolytes, which override the reabsorptive ability of the large intestine
SECRETORY DIARRHEA
SECRETORY DIARRHEA causes
Viruses (e.g rotavirus), protozoa or bacteria, Colitis, Collagen vascular disease, hormones, endocrine disorder (Hyperthyroidism, Zollinger Ellison Syndrome, VIPoma), inflammatory bowel disease, and neoplasm
Diarrhea with osmol gap of >50mosm/kg
OSMOTIC DIARRHEA
caused by poor absorption that exerts osmotic pressure across the intestinal mucosa.
OSMOTIC DIARRHEA
Incomplete breakdown or reabsorption of food presents increased fecal material to the large intestine, resulting in water and electrolyte retention in the large intestine (osmotic diarrhea), which in turn results in excessive watery stool
OSMOTIC DIARRHEA
OSMOTIC DIARRHEA causes
Gastric surgery (gastrectomy), Gastric bypass, Post vagotomy, Duodenal ulcer, DM Zollinger Ellison
__________ describes hypermotility of the stomach and the shortened gastric emptying half-time, which causes the small intestine to fill too quickly with undigested food from the stomach.
Rapid gastric emptying (RGE) dumping syndrome
It is the hallmark of Earl Dumping Syndrome (EDS)
Rapid gastric emptying (RGE) dumping syndrome
Osmotic Diarrhea
Osmotic gap
Stool Na
Stool output in 24 hours
pH
Reducing substances
> 50 Osm/kg
<60 mmol/L
<200 g
<5.3
Positive
Osmotic Diarrhea
Osmotic gap
Stool Na
Stool output in 24 hours
pH
Reducing substances
> 50 Osm/kg
<60 mmol/L
<200 g
