CSF

Question 1

CSF functions (3)

Answer 1

1. Supply nutrients to the CNS
2. Remove metabolic waste
3. Produce a mechanical barrier to cushion the brain and spinal cord against trauma

Question 2

Lines the brain and spinal cord and are composed of three layers

Answer 2

Meninges

Question 3

An outer layer, lines the skull and vertebral canal

Answer 3

Dura mater

Question 4

Spider-like, filamentous inner membrane

Answer 4

Arachnoid mater

Question 5

Innermost layer, lines the surface of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 5

Pia mater

Question 6

in between arachnoid mater and pia mater; where CSF flow

Answer 6

Subarachnoid space

Question 7

specific part of the brain that produces CSF

Answer 7

Choroid Plexus

Question 8

The choroid plexuses are capillary networks that form the CSF from plasma by mechanisms of selective filtration under ________ and _______

Answer 8

hydrostatic pressure and active transport secretion.

Question 9

T/F. The chemical composition of the CSF does resemble an ultrafiltrate of plasma

Answer 9

FALSE. The chemical composition of the CSF does NOT resemble an ultrafiltrate of plasma

Question 10

rate of CSF production

Answer 10

20 ml/hr

Question 11

A tightly fitting junctures structure of endothelial cells in the choroid plexus;
Protects the brain from chemicals and other substances circulating in the blood that can harm the brain tissue

Answer 11

Blood-Brain Barrier

Question 12

Disruption of BBB allows _____, _____ and other chemicals to enter CSF

Answer 12

WBC; protein

Question 13

CSF Collection (2)

Answer 13

Lumbar puncture/tap and cisternal puncture

Question 14

Pressure before CSF is collected

Answer 14

between 90 and 180 mmHg

Question 15

Volume collected when CSF is normal.

Answer 15

20 mL of specimen may be removed

Question 16

On closing, the pressure should be between ____ and ____

Answer 16

10 and 30 mmHg

Question 17

A marked decrease in pressure following this procedure suggests __________________ or ____________

Answer 17

cerebellar herniation or spinal cord compression

Question 18

If the CSF pressure is less than or greater than normal 90-180 mmHg, only _____ is used

Answer 18

1-2 ml

Question 19

Not more than _____ can be removed when the pressure is greater than ______

Answer 19

2 ml; 200 mmHg

Question 20

Normal CSF Volume
Adult:
Neonates:

Answer 20

Adult: 90 to 150ml (adults), 10 to 60ml (neonates)

Question 21

Tube #1 Lab Section and Storage Temp

Answer 21

Chemistry, Immunology, Serology; Freezer Temp

Question 22

Tube #2 Lab Section and Storage Temp

Answer 22

Microbiology; Room Temp

Question 23

Tube #3 Lab Section and Storage Temp

Answer 23

Hematology (Cell count), and Cytology studies; Refrigerator Temp

Question 24

Tube #4 Lab Section and Storage Temp

Answer 24

Microbiology (Better exclude skin contamination) or Serology (for additional serologic test)

Question 25

Order of section if 1 tube is used;

Answer 25

(Microbiology, Hematology, Chemistry/Serology) Microbiology is first to avoid contamination

Question 26

T/F. Excess CSF should not be discarded and should be frozen until there is no further use of it.

Answer 26

Trueeeee

Question 27

T/F. Excess CSF should not be discarded and should be frozen until there is no further use of it.

Answer 27

Trueeeee

Question 28

Normal CSF Appearance

Answer 28

Crystal Clear

Question 29

Increase WBC that is greater than 200 /ul

Answer 29

Hazy

Question 30

Increase RBC that is greater than 400/ ul

Answer 30

Cloudy

Question 31

Presence of microorganism

Answer 31

Turbid

Question 32

Increase Proteins and Lipid

Answer 32

Milky

Question 33

Color of Xanthochromic sample

Answer 33

reddish to pinkish

Question 34

Slight amount of oxyhemoglobin color

Answer 34

Pink

Question 35

bilirubin traces color

Answer 35

Yellow

Question 36

Color in case of heavy hemolysis

Answer 36

Orange

Question 37

methemoglobin formation color

Answer 37

Brownish

Question 38

Greater than 6000 RBCs / ul due to: Traumatic tap or Intracranial hemorrhage / cerebral hemorrhage

Answer 38

Bloody / grossly bloody

Question 39

Radiographic contrast dye Appearance

Answer 39

Oily

Question 40

Protein and clotting factors Meningitis, Froin’s syndrome appearance

Answer 40

Clotted

Question 41

Tubercular meningitis appearance

Answer 41

Pellicle

Question 42

Tube 1 has the highest blood followed by Tube 2 and Tube 3

Answer 42

Traumatic Tap

Question 43

Equal distribution of blood in 3 tubes

Answer 43

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Question 44

Matchy True of Intracranial Hemorrhage 1. Presence of clot 2. Xanthochromic after 1 hour 3. D-dimer test positive 4. Absent Erythrophages a. 1&2 b. 2&4 c. 1,2,&3 d. all e. none

Answer 44

only 3 is true :D. Presence of clot and absent erythro is traumatic tap Xanthocromic after 2 HOURS

Question 45

Matchy 1. No clot formation 2. Clear Supernatant 3. Supernatant will be Xanthochromic after 2 hours 4. Presence of clot a. Traumatic Tap b. Intracranial Hemorrhage

Answer 45

1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a

Question 46

Matchy 1. Presence of Erythrophage 2. D-dimer negative 3. D-dimer Positive 4. Absence of Erythropage a. Traumatic Tap b. Intracranial Hemorrhage

Answer 46

1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a