Diagnostic imaging

Question 1

when obtaining a lateral projection of the skull of small animals, where should the centering of the image occur?

Answer 1

lateral canthus of the eye socket

Question 2

which grade level on the ossification index for newborn foals does a closed metacarpal and metatarsal physes describe?

Answer 2

grade 4

Question 3

what is the speed of sound through fat tissue?

Answer 3

1460 m/s

Question 4

at what age in foals does the closure of the proximal growth plate of P2 occur?

Answer 4

18-30 weeks

Question 5

a deformity in which the interior angle of the joint viewed frontally is < 180 degrees is known as what?

Answer 5

varus deformity

Question 6

what is the speed of sound through bone?

Answer 6

4080 m/s

Question 7

approximately how many shades of grey are incorporated into the display of an image obtained through ultrasound?

Answer 7

256 shades of grey

Question 8

when using color flow doppler in ultrasound what do the displayed red and blue colors mean?

Answer 8

the colors show blood flow, blue indicates flow away and red indicates flow toward

Question 9

which radiographic view provides the best accuracy for evaluating major fracture dislocation and conformational abnormalities in horses?

Answer 9

lateral view

Question 10

what is the difference between color doppler and power doppler ultrasound?

Answer 10

power doppler is sensitive to slow flow and color doppler indicates direction of flow

Question 11

which of the following best describes the Nyquist point in ultrasound?
a. the point at which maximum blood velocity is reached
b. the point of deepest penetration
c. the point at which a drop-out signal is reached and an image is no longer produced
d. the Nyquist point is not an ultrasound concern

Answer 11

the point at which the maximum blood velocity is reached

Question 12

which of the following allows for measurements of very high blood flow velocities in ultrasound?
a. color doppler
b. PW doppler
c. CW doppler
d. harmonics

Answer 12

CW doppler

Question 13

what does the TGC or time gain compensation allow on the ultrasound machine?

Answer 13

it allows adjustment of the gain at various depths

Question 14

which of the following frequencies will allow for the deepest level of penetration in ultrasound?
a. 4 MHz
b. 5 MHz
c. 9 MHz
d. 12 MHz

Answer 14

4 MHz

Question 15

the ability to distinguish between 2 objects that are adjacent to each other, yet perpendicular to the sound wave in ultrasound is described as ____________ _____________

Answer 15

lateral resolution

Question 16

which of the following ultrasound artifacts will likely be produced when the sound wave strikes a metal object or a pocket of air?

Answer 16

comet tail

Question 17

which of the following can the piezoelectric crystal within an ultrasound probe do?
a. convert electrical energy to mechanical energy
b. convert mechanical energy to electrical energy
c. change shape in the presence of an electrical current
d. all of the above

Answer 17

all of the above

Question 18

to obtain a craniocaudal view of the tibia of a small animal the patient should be in which position?
a. sternal
b. dorsal
c. right lateral
d. left lateral

Answer 18

dorsal

Question 19

to perform an ultrasound in the intercostal region which transducer would be ideal?

Answer 19

microconvex probe