Diagnosis of Equine Asthma

Question 1

List 3 indications for tracheal wash cytology in equine asthma

Answer 1

provides a sample representing both lungs
good screening test
preferred method for culture and sensitivity

Question 2

T/F tracheal wash cytology provides good diagnostic accuracy for mEA

Answer 2

False - unknown

Question 3

List the indications for bronchoalveolar lavage in equine asthma

Answer 3

Sample of one lung
Better for diffuse pathology
Specific
Preferred method for Equine Asthma diagnosis

Question 4

what are the 2 ways to perform TTW (trans tracheal wash)

Answer 4

endoscopically
percutaneous

Question 5

Describe how to perform BAL

Answer 5

Wedge endoscope against the edge of a terminal bronchi
Cuff inflated
Instil 250ml sterile saline which is immediately recovered

Question 6

What percentage should neutrophils in a BAL of a normal horse not exceed?

Answer 6

5%

Question 7

What percentage should eosinophils in a BAL of a normal horse not exceed?

Answer 7

2%

Question 8

What are the 3 possible cytological profiles of BAL in horses to be diagnosed with mEA?

Answer 8

Neutrophils >10%
Mastocytes >5%
Eosinophils >5%

Question 9

What cytological profile of BAL does a horse need to be diagnosed with sEA?

Answer 9

Neutrophils >25%