Diabetes Insipidus Flashcards
1
Q
What is diabetes insipidus?
A
A condition characterised by decreased ADH from the pituitary or insensitivity to ADH
2
Q
What are the 2 types of DI?
A
Cranial - reduced secretion from the pituitary gland
Nephrogenic - Insensitivity to ADH
3
Q
What are causes of cranial DI?
A
- Idiopathic
- Post head injury
- Pituitary surgery
- Craniopharyngioma
4
Q
What are causes of nephrogenic DI?
A
- Genetic
- Electrolytes: hypercalcaemia, hypokalaemia
- Lithium: densensitizes kidneys ability to respond to ADH
5
Q
How does DI present?
A
- Polyuria
- Polydipsia
6
Q
How is DI investigated?
A
- High plasma osmolality, low urine osmolality
- Water deprivation test
7
Q
How is DI managed?
A
Nephrogenic: Thiazides, low salt/protein diet
Cranial: Desmopressin
