Diabetes Flashcards
Name the two types of diabetes and what their affects on the body.
Type 1 Diabetes: Only found in 10% of cases.
-Pancreas cannot produce insulin, which breakdown glycogen to make energy for the body. Insulin injections are necessary.
Type 2 Diabetes: found in 90% of cases (hereditary).
-Body produces an excess amount of insulin, cells do not recognize insulin, which in turn stores all sugars and starches, etc into fat.
What affect does Diabetes have on healing?
Causes decreased circulation in superficial extremities, slows wound healing.
What does low/no insulin activity cause?
Dehydration, blood glucose levels stay high (naturally rise after eating), excess fluids are removed from body (water, electrolytes, ketones)
Onset before age of 30
Type 1 Diabetes
Onset usually after age 30
Type 2 Diabetes
What are the normal blood glucose levels?
60-100 mm/dL
What are blood glucose levels after eating?
140 mm/dL
What is hyperglycemia?
Not enough insulin to metabolize glucose (glucose is stored in muscle tissue as glycogen) for energy. In turn, the body switches to fat conversion for energy: diabetic ketoacidosis.
If left untreated, body could fall into diabetic coma
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia:
vomiting
rapid, weak pulse
fruity breath
slow onset
restless
confused
thirsty/dry mouth
ab cramping
What is hypoglycemia?
Low blood glucose levels
too much insulin in blood or did not eat enough
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
pale, cold, clammy skin
profuse sweating
tingling in face/lips
decreased performance
headache dizziness intense hunger aggressive behavior rapid onset
Management of hypo/hyperglycemia
If athlete unconscious: activate EMS
maintain open airway
monitor vitals
place honey or sugar under tongue.
If conscious:
give a fast acting carb (i.e. soda, apple, orange juice, table sugar)
Keep checking blood sugar level for improvement, administer again if no improvement (then activate EMS).
