Developmental Psych 1-5

Question 1

Precocial species

Answer 1

Species develop earlier and are more mature and able to handle themselves after birth

Question 2

Altricial species

Answer 2

Born helpless and need to mature and go through the process of growth

Question 3

What type are humans, altricial or precocial?

Answer 3

Altricial. Infants can talk, walk or see very well, regulate their body temp, feed or defend themselves.

Question 4

What is the size of a babies head compared to chimpanzees at birth?

Answer 4

Babies brains are 25% of their adults size at birth, and become 50% of their adult size at 3 month
Chimpanzees are 50% of their adult size at birth

Question 5

Compared to apes, how in charge of their young are humans?

Answer 5

Compared to apes humans are less directly in charge of their young and relay more on others

Question 6

What is the theory for why humans relay more on other for childcare than other Altricial species?

Answer 6

We walk upright, which means we have to a smaller birth canal, meaning we have to give birth to babies earlier, meaning we have more babies in a shorter period which there are more people leading many peers, many siblings and multiple caregivers.

Question 7

Nature v Nurture

Answer 7

How much of our development is from our biology and how much of our development is from our envioroment?

Question 8

Naitvism

Answer 8

Humans are born with innate ideas and all knowlegde comes from innate sturctures and cogntive development and brain matruataion.

Question 9

Empirmicism

Answer 9

There are no innate structures and knowledge comes only from experiencing the world. Children are blank slates

Question 10

What can be an issue with the ideas of Nature v Nuture?

Answer 10

Can lead to the idea that people cannot change when then actually can or the naturalistic fallacy (natural=good)

Question 11

Constructivsim

Answer 11

Piaget, the in between of nativism and empiricism and that children’s thinking’s is biology and it’s influenced by their environment?

Question 12

Core Knowledge Theory

Answer 12

Knowledge about specific conceptual domains are present from birth but there are signature limits. AKA Modern Nativism

Question 13

Modern empiricism

Answer 13

Minds are like computers, born with hardware which improve with maturation and early knowledge is limited.

Question 14

Quantitative Change

Answer 14

The beginning state and end state are fundamentally the same but improvement/growth happens over time

Question 15

Qualitative Change

Answer 15

Beginning state and end state are fundamentally DIFFERENT in nature

Question 16

Active learning

Answer 16

The learners is engaging with the environment to learn a skill

Question 17

Passive learning

Answer 17

Learner is learning by watching a person perform a new skill

Question 18

Do

Question 19

Global Change

Answer 19

Multiple domains develop simultaneously

Question 20

Local Change

Answer 20

Different domains develop on different timelines

Question 21

Development Cascade

Answer 21

Change in one domain may indirectly cause change within another skill. Can be positive or negative

Question 22

How do

Question 23

Microgentic approach

Answer 23

Meaning that development doesn’t happen as all or nothing. Its more of a waxing and weaning where we learn new things and base it off our stress level we may go back to simpler methods.

Question 24

Reciprocal effect

Answer 24

Responding to children continuously and having immersive conversation could benefit language development BUT children who

Question 25

Independent vs Dependent Varaible

Answer 25

Independent: Hypothetical cause of behavior experiment the variable manipulated by the experimenter

Dependent: The hypothetical effect of the independent variable-NOT manipulated by the experimenter

Question 26

Operational definition

Answer 26

The way the experimenter measures a construct and how its made observable