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development (test 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

monkey video

A

attachment: the positive emotional bond develops between a child and a caregiver
imprinting: jonrad Lorenz

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2
Q

Infant monkey experience

A
  • harry Harlow
  • monkey only went to wire monkey who had food to eat; stayed w cloth monkey who was more comforting

-we know that attachment is built from cycles of responsiveness between the infant and the caregiver (caregiver hast to respond to infants signals; but the infants has to respond posively toward the caregiver as well))

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3
Q

Ainsworth Strange Situation

A
  • sequence of events to test infant and primary caregiver
  • several comings and goings of mom in and out of the room (baby left with a stranger)
  • watches baby’s reaction to mom and to the unfamiliar enviornment
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4
Q

Ainsworth Strange: secure attachment

A

(60-70%)

-infants use their moms as “home base”-but aren’t scared to explore their environemnt

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5
Q

Ainsworth Strange: Avoidant Attachment

A

(15-20%)
-no observable reaction to mom
-don’t pay attention to her when she’s there and don’t care when she gets back
BUT changes show in physiological measures (heart rate increases when mom leaves—>they are anxious)

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6
Q

Ainsworth Strange: Resistant Attachment

A

(10-15%)
-anxiety before separation, ambivalent (or angry) when mom returns
(non relieved when mom returns, may want physical closeness, but maybe also shows aggression (hitting, kicking)

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7
Q

Ainsworth Strange: Disorganized/ Disoriented attachment

A

(5-10%)

-inconsistent, contradictory

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8
Q

Attachment: important for later development

A
  • social and emotional competence
  • self-concept
  • gender-roles
  • better adult relationships (not afraid of commitment or overly possessive, etc.)
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9
Q

Temperament

A

basic, innate disposition

  • is it an easy baby or a demon baby??
  • influences parenting style
  • influences attachment
  • depends on cultural norms (differences in parenting values, differences in “good” child behaviors)
  • resilience (good-enough parenting)
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10
Q

the disposition you are born with will influence your parenting style as well as attachment style

A

ex: think about very rebellious, headstrong kids vs. v passive kids
- fussy baby vs. a v happy baby

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11
Q

Authoritarian parents

A
  • demand unquestioning obedience (do what i say right now bc i said so)
  • children are usually unsocociablle, unfriendly (don’t really know what to do without getting in trouble)
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12
Q

Permissive Parents

A

-give their children relaxed or inconsistent direction
0they are warm and caring, but they don’t ask too much of their kids

-have kids who are immature, moody, and dependent (never had to learn how to grow up)

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13
Q

Authoritative Parents

A
  • firm, but fair –>uses reasoning and independence
  • offers choices-you can choose to misbehave, but you also choose to accept the consequences
  • offers explanations so that kids can make better choices
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14
Q

Uninvolved Parents

A
  • provides the basics to keep child alive, but doesn’t provide love or interest in their lives
  • kids turn out to be indifferent and have a hard tie showing love to others
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15
Q

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive development

A

Understanding of the world changes as a function of age and experiences

  • four stages, fixed order
  • quantity (how much you learn) and quality (what kinds of things you’ve been exposed to) are important

Schemas: connected mental structure that organize sensory and perceptual information
-assimilation, accommodation

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16
Q

Piaget’s theory 1 step

A

SENSORIMOTOR STAGE

  • birth- 2 years
  • development of object permanence (9 months )

-object Permanence: awareness that objects and people continue to exist even if they are out of sight (peek a boo)

17
Q

Piaget’s theory 2nd step

A

PRE OPERATIONAL STAGE

  • 2-6 yrs old
  • development of language
  • more imaginative
  • EGOCENTRIC THOUGHT: the child views the world entirely from his or her own perspective (sees person talking on the phone, believe that they re talking about toys etc)
  • lacking principe of conservation
18
Q

2nd step piaget; Principle of Conservation

A
  • knowledge that amount/mass is unrelated tot he arrangements and physical appearance of objects
    ex: cups of different sized being poured into each other–>you know
19
Q

Piaget Theory 3rd step

A

CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE

  • 6-12 years
  • more logical thinking
  • overcome egocentric thought
  • REVERSIBILILITY: the idea that some changes can be undone by reversing an earlier action (when you put that starfish by in water and thot it would come back to life u dummy)
  • concrete thoughts–>no theoretical or hypothetically
20
Q

Piaget 4th step

A

FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE

  • 12 years to adulthood
  • abstract thought, formal logic
  • Paget’s Pendulum Problem -people in the formal operation will vary one thing at a time to test it–>younger kids will vary more than one thing at a time

-not everyone reaches the formal operation stage (40-60% of college students, 25% of the general population)!!!!!

21
Q

Psychosocial Development

A
  • ERik Erikson
  • understanding of each other
  • understanding of the self as a member of society

-each stage involves a crisis or conflict (resolution moves could to the next stage)

22
Q

ERIKSON psychosocial development: identity versus role confusion

A
  • adolescence
  • search for the self- you try on different roles and see which one fits

Role Confusion: lack of an identity–>may adopt a socially unacceptable identity (criminal) or have a hard time w social relationships
-reliance on peers for information rather than parents

-imaginary audience

23
Q

ERIKSON psychosocial development: Intimacy vs isolation

A
  • post adolescence to early 30s

- fear of closeness and commitment–the ability to build successful relatioship

24
Q

ERIKSON psychosocial development: Generatively vs Stagnation

A

-middle adulthood (30s to 60s)
GENERATIVELY:: ability to contribute and assist future generations (work, family, society, etc.)
STAGNATION: life’s work is meaningless, life is wasted

25
Q

ERIKSON psychosocial development: Ego integrity vs despair

A
  • late adulthood to death

- sense of accomplishment with achievements v regret for what wasn’t accomplished

psych (12 decks)

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