Desnutrición Flashcards

1
Q

Define desnutrición

A

Ingesta alimentaria insuficiente en cantidad, calidad o ambas

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2
Q

FR adulto mayor (cambios fisiopatologicos)

A
⬇️ Act fisica
⬇️ masa magra
cambio función renal 
⬇️ abs 
      porque  ⬆️acidez y ⬇️factor intrínseco
Fármacos
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3
Q

fármacos asociados desnutrición

A

Antiácidos, anticonvulsivos, laxantes, antibióticos, antihipertensivos alteran absorción de alimentos

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4
Q

¿cuales son micronutrimentos ?

A

Vitaminas, ac fólico y zinc

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5
Q

¿cuales son macronutrimentos ?

A

Carbohidratos, lípidos, proteinas y fibra

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6
Q

tipos desnutrición

A

Calórico protéica
Falta micronutrimentos
Nutrición energética = “gordo desnutrido”

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7
Q

metodos de evaluacion

A

mini nutritional assessment

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8
Q

mini nutritional assessment puntaje
normal ___
riesgo __
desnutrido __

A

normal ___ 12-14
riesgo ___ 8-11
desnutrido __ 0-7

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9
Q

Nutritional assessment completo puntaje
normal ___
riesgo __
desnutrido __

A

normal ___ 24-30
riesgo __ 17-23
desnutrido __ <17

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10
Q

Bioquímica desnutrición (5)

A

Linfopenia, hipoalbunemia, hippocolestero, dism tranferrina, dism prealbumina

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11
Q

Albumina serica

valor normal __
Desnutrición leve__
Desnutrición moderada__
Desnutrición severa__

A

valor normal 3.5 g/dL
Desnutrición leve_ 3-3.5
Desnutrición moderada 2.5-3
Desnutrición severa <2.5

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12
Q

Desnutrición severa hipoalbuminemia

A

<2.5

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13
Q

Colesterol valor normal

A

<120 mg/dL

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14
Q

Transferrina sérica

Normal ??

A

217-275

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15
Q

pre albumina

valor normal

A

100-400 mg/dL

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16
Q

Linfocitos valor de riesgo

A

< 1,500

17
Q

PÉRDIDA DE PESO INVOLUNTARIA

define

A

1-2% por semana
5% por mes
10% en 6 meses

18
Q

fármacos que causan perdida de peso involuntaria

A

antidepresivos
digoxina
anticolinérgicos
teofilina

19
Q

Sx geriátricos asociados perdida de peso involuntaria

A

inmovilidad
ulceras
mareo y vertigo

20
Q

Define anorexia

A

Perdida de apetitio

21
Q

define caquexia

A

Pérdidad de masa por hipercatabolismo

22
Q

sarcopenia

A

Dism masa muscular +/-perdida de fuerza

23
Q

fármacos para estimular apetito

A

⭐︎Domperidona (montilium) 10 mg
⭐︎Mirtazapina
Metoclopramida 10 mg
Cisaprida 10 mg

24
Q
E.A 
Metoclopramida
Cisaprida
Domperidona
Acetato de megestrol 
Mirtazapina
A

Metoclopramida __ efectos extrapiramidales
Cisaprida___ arritmias
Domperidona— galactorrea
Acetato de megestrol – hiperglucemia, tvp, edema
Mirtazapina___ sueño

25
Q

Valor normal circunferencia braquial y pantorrilla

A

Braquial 22, pantorrilla 31