Dermatology Pathology

Question 1

What are the 5 main functions of the skin?

Answer 1

Protection
Theroreguation
Neuro receptor
Antigen processing
Metabolism of Vit D

Question 2

What is the epidermis made up of?

Answer 2

Keratinocytes
Impermeable barrier
Protect against UV

Question 3

What is the basement membrane zone function?

Answer 3

Barrier
Adhesion between epidermis and dermis
Cell signalling

Question 4

What is the function of the dermis?

Answer 4

Nourishment to epidermis
Embryogenesis and wound repair

Question 5

What is the dermis made up of?

Answer 5

Connective tissue
Blood vessels
Nerves
Apocrine glands

Question 6

What counts as primary lesions?

Answer 6

Macule, papule, nodule
Patch, plaque
Vesicle

Question 7

What counts as secondary lesions?

Answer 7

Crust
Lichenificatino
Scar
Ulcer

Question 8

What are the 5 types of eczema?

Answer 8

Atopic dermatitis
Contact allergic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Lichen simplex
Contact irritant dermatitis

Question 9

What is atopic dermatitis?

Answer 9

Genetic
Allergen
Associated with asthma, rhinitis
Flexor surfaces

Question 10

What are the 2 types of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 10

Acute - erythema, weeping, papules
Chronic - dryness, lichenification, hyperpigmentation

Question 11

What is the treatment for atopic dermatitis?

Answer 11

Topical steroids
Antihistamines
Antibiotics

Question 12

What is contact allergic dermatitis?

Answer 12

Type 4 hypersensitivity
Latex
Immunological

Question 13

What is the dental relevance of eczema?

Answer 13

Could be on corticosteroids
Cheilitis

Question 14

What are the 4 subtypes of psoriasis?

Answer 14

Chronic plaque
Guttate
Erythrodermic
Pustular

Question 15

What does psoriasis look like?

Answer 15

Symmetrical
Well defined
Erythematous plaque
Silvery scale

Question 16

What is the treatment for psoriasis?

Answer 16

Betnovate
Phototherapy
Methotrexate
Corticosteroids

Question 17

What is the dental relevance of psoriasis?

Answer 17

Immunosuppressed

Question 18

What are the 3 types of mucocutaneous diseases?

Answer 18

Lichen planus
Autoimmune blistering
Pruritus

Question 19

What does lichen planus look like?

Answer 19

Flat topped
Shiny papules
Symmetrical
Flexor and lower back

Question 20

What is the treatment for lichen planus?

Answer 20

Corticosteroids
Systemic - prednisolone

Question 21

What is the dental relevance of lichen planus?

Answer 21

Corticosteroids so risk of infection

Question 22

What are the mai types of skin tumour?

Answer 22

Basal cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 23

What is basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 23

Malignant neoplasm
From basal layer of keratinocytes
Sun exposed sites

Question 24

How does basal cell carcinoma present?

Answer 24

Erythematous modular lesion
Superficial dilated capillaries
Don’t usually metastasise

Question 25

What is squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 25

From keratinocytes but have potential for metric spread via lymphatics
Sun exposed places

Question 26

How does squamous cell carcinoma present?

Answer 26

Modular tumour
Ulcerative
Painful

Question 27

What is a melanoma?

Answer 27

Derived from melanocytes of the basal layer of epidermis
From moles
Metastasise early
Flat - fast metastasis

Question 28

How does a melanoma present?

Answer 28

Dark with light surrounding halo
Change in shape
Itching and bleeding
Bigger than 5mm

Question 29

What are risk factors for a melanoma?

Answer 29

Sun exposure
White skin

Question 30

What are the 4 histological subtypes of a melanoma?

Answer 30

Superficial - expanding flat
Nodular - rapidly growing
Lentigo - slow growing
Acral