Dermatology Drugs Flashcards
Hydrocortisone
Class: Steroid
Mech: N/A
Thera: Dermatitis, psoriasis
Tox: Atrophy/thinning of skin (collagen), stretch marks, telangiectasias, acne, cataract or glaucoma if applied near eye
Systemically affects adrenals and can lead to growth retardation
Misc: Seven classes, with class I being strongest SEs may be permanent
Cyclosporin
Class: Immunosuppressant
Mech: N/A
Thera: Inflammatory conditions (psoriasis)
Tox: HTN, damage kidneys long term
Methotrexate
class: folate analog
Mech: inhibits DHFR
Thera: Inflammatory conditions (psoriasis)
Tox: Hepatotoxicity (very slowly over time), pulmonary toxicity (develops quickly), leukopenia, renal toxicity (rare), N-V
Misc: PO, IM (1/week); any drug increasing unbound protein may cause methotrexate tox (sulfa, salicylates, TCN, phenytoin)
Biologics
Mech: Block TNF-a
Thera: Inflammatory conditions, arthritis
Tox: Few (may unmask neuro disease, latent infections (must do PPDs), malignancies)
Misc: costly
UV light therapy
Class: UVA, UVB, UVC
Mech: Immunosuppression of T cells via type I or type II reactions-mono or bifunctional adducts in DNA
Thera: Inflammatory conditions: atopic dermatitis, CTCL, lichen planus, psoriasis, (not useful for non-inflammatory conditions)
Tox: Skin cancer, thinning/leathering of skin
Misc: Usually used with psoralens (photosensitizing agents that increase efficacy); phenothizines, thaizides, sulfonamides, NSAIDs tetracyclines, benzos, also sensitize skin to light therapy
Isotetinoin
Class: Retinoid
Mech: Stimulate epithelial cell turnover; also anti-inflammatory
Thera: Acne
Tox: Teratogenic effects (washes out in 3 weeks)
Misc: Good as adjunct to other therapies
Acitretin
Class: Retinoid
Mech: Stimulate epithelial cell turnover; also anti-inflammatory
Thera: Psoriasis
Tox: Teratogenic (stays in fat stores for three years)
Misc: Good as adjunct therapy
