dermatology Flashcards
What is the defintion of acne?
disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus
what is acne caused by?
excess sebm secretion hormones- andorgens obstruction of the pilosebaceous duct bateria- p acnes drugs
what are possible treatments for acne?
local abrasives
topical antibiotics
topical vitamin A analogues
isotretinoin
What is rosacea?
flushing/ erythema
may involve inflammed paules and pustules
what can rosacea be associated with?
conjunctivitis, blepharitis
What can trigger rosacea?
spicy foods, alcohol, stress, temperature, sunlights
what are possible treatments for rosacea
topical or systemic antibiotics cosmetic camouflage laser isotretinoin avoidance of topical steroids
What is impetigo caused by?
staphylococci or streptococci
what may impetigo trigger?
glomerulonephritis
what is the treatment for impetigo?
antibiotics
What is folliculitis?
superficial infection of the hair follicle
what bacteria are involved in folliculitis?
s. aureus
what is folliculitis related to?
diabetes
what is erysipelas?
form of cellulitis
spreading red edge, sharp line of demarcification
viral warts causedby HPV
what is treatment of erysipelas?
systemic antibiotics
may require gentle cryotherapy
What is molloscum contagiosum?
DNA pox virus
umbilicated papules
cheese like white core
how is mooloscum contagiosum treated?
may resolve or require gentle cryotherapy
facial lesions re. herpes simplex are usually what type?
herpes simplex type 1
what occurs at primary eruption of herpes simplex?
in childhood
acute gingiva stomatitis
gerneral malaise and fever
what are recurrences of herpes simplex triggered by?
UV light
respiratory tract infections
menstruation
stress
What may herpes simplex lead to ?
eczema herpeticum
how is herpes simplex treated?
antiseptices, antivirals
acyclovir, valciclovir
what is herpes zoster?
reactivation of chicken pox virus in root ganglion
‘shingles’
unilateral eruption
burning pain, erythema, grouped vesicles, crusting
Wht virus is associated with hand, foot and mouth?
coxsackie A virus
Name 3 fungal infection
dermatophyte
candida
eczema
How is patch testing carried out re. allergens?
prepared on finns chambers
applied to back and removed after 48 hours
read at 48 hours and 96 hours
What is psoriasis?
chronic, non inflammatory disease of the skin
how does psoriasis present?
well demarated scaley plaques
scalp and hair line commonly affected
nails may show pitting
What are possible treatments for psoriasis?
tar dithranol vitamin D creams phototherapy systemic immunosuppressive
How does lichen planus present?
itchy flat topped papules on wrists and leg
white streaky pattern on surface
white asymptomatic lacy reticulae streaks in mouth
rarely leads to malignancy
what is bullous pemphigus?
autoimmunie disease
large tense blisters - mainly in elderly
what is cicatricial pemphigoid?
blisters ad ulcers affecting mucous membranes
what is pemphigus?
severe life threatening autoimmune disease
what is treatment for pemphigus?
high dose steroids, immunosuppresives
What is erythema multiforme?
reactive state
triggered by herpes simplex, other infections, drugs, cancers…
what sydrome is associated with erythema multiforme?
steven johnsons
what are two pre cancerous lesions?
actinic keratoses
bowens disease
how does actinic keratoses present?
hyperkeratotic areas on sun exposed skin
can progress to squamous cell carcinoma
how does bowen disease pressent?
common on lower legs in elderly females
also may occur on hands and face
increase risk if immuno suppressed
