Anaesthesia Flashcards
Name 3 intravenous drugs which induce anaesthesia
propofol
thiopental
etomidate
What inhalation drugs are used to maintain anaesthesia?
mixture of oxygen, air and nitrous oxide
What are bendodiazepines used for?
premedication
reduce the amount of other agents required for anaesthesia
What is stage one a anaesthesia?
loss of consciousness
what is stage 2 of anaesthesia?
excitement, delirium
coughing, vomiting and struggling
what is stage 3 of anaesthesia?
state of surgical anaesthesia
what happens at stage 3 of anaesthesia?
loss of laryngeal reflex
pupils dilate
What is stage 4 of anaesthesia?
cessation of respiration - death
why do muscles need to be relaxed for anaesthesia?
allow for intubation
allows surgical access to body cavities
Name a short acting muscle relaxant
suxomethoniium
Name a long lasting muscle relaxant
atracurium
how do you maintain airway?
head tilt, chin lift
how do you identify a nasopharyngeal airway device?
with safety pin
when should a nasopharyngeal airway device not be used?
base of skull fracture
how is the oropharyngeal airway device sized?
from corner of the mouth to the angle of the mandible
how is an oropharyngeal airway device placed?
upside down then turned over
What is malignant hyperthermia?
inherited disorder of skeletal muscle only triggered by certain anaesthetic drugs
what drug triggers malignant hyperthermia?
suxmethonian
What happens in cases of malignant hyperthermia?
abnormal accumulatoin of calcium in muscle cells causing hypermetabolism
muscle rigidity and breakdown
How is mailgnant hyperthermia displayed?
increase in expire co2
tachychardia
increase in 02 requirement
increase in temperature
HOw is malignant hyperthermia managed?
dentrolene
active cooing of patient
