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BOARDS > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

wright stain with neonatal herpes

A

multinucleated giant cells and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions

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2
Q

vesicles in a linear pattern without an erythematous base

A

incontinentia pigmenti

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3
Q

pustules on a non-eythematous base in neonates

A

transient neonatal pustular melanosis

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4
Q

yellow pustules on an erythematous base in neonates, not present at birth

A

erythema toxicum neonatorum

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5
Q

wright stain of erythema toxicum neonatorum

A

eosinophils

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6
Q

diagnosis of infant with erythematous macule with an occasional vesicle

A

erythema toxicum neonatorum

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7
Q

diffuse scaling with erythematous papule and pustules

A

cutaneous candidiasis

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8
Q

lichenification with scratching

A

atopic dermatitis

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9
Q

seborrheic dermatitis treatment

A

anti fungal washes and topical steroids

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10
Q

itchy rash on feet with minimal scaling and interdicts are normal

A

juvenile plantar dermatosis

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11
Q

juvenile plantar dermatosis treatment

A

steroid cream ex: triamcinolone

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12
Q

auspitz sign

A

pinpoint bleeding after removing scale of psoriasis

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13
Q

small oval patches of rash on trunk and back with a herald patch

A

pityriasis rosea

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14
Q

pityriasis rosea treatment

A

none needed but sun/light improves symptoms

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15
Q

thin scaly lesions with an elevated border and central clearing

A

tines corporis

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16
Q

dry skin with thin scales with a painted on appearance

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

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17
Q

ichthyosis vulgaris treatment

A

keratolytic agents ex: ammonium lactate cream OR alpha hydroxy acid and urea containing emollients

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18
Q

non scaling annular lesions without epidermal involvement

A

granuloma annulare

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19
Q

impetigo treatment

A

mupirocin ointment

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20
Q

very tender and red skin that spreads and becomes sheet-like

A

staph scalded skin syndrome

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21
Q

erythema multiforme minor

A

most commonly due to recurrent herpes infection but also can be from meds, starts on extremities and spreads to the trunk, stop.remove triggering agent

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22
Q

common triggers of erythema multiforme major

A

sulfa drugs, anticonvulsants and NSAIDs

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23
Q

fever, muscle aches, joint aches followed by target lesions on the extremities that spread and involves mucous membrane involvement

A

stevens johnson syndrome

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24
Q

how to distinguish SSSS from TEN

A

skin biopsy (TEN involves the dermis, SSSS does not)

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25
Q

sunburn like erythema with sheet like separation of skin with widespread bull and denuded necrotic skin

A

toxic epidermal necolysis

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26
Q

types of erythema multiforme major

A

stevens johnson syndrome and TEN

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27
Q

fevers, hypotension and rash

A

toxic shock syndrome

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28
Q

boggy and blue ulcers with a necrotic base

A

pyoderma gangrenosum

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29
Q

erythema infectiosum

A

fifth disease - slapped cheek

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30
Q

erythema chronic migraines is associated with

A

lyme disease

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31
Q

erythema nodosum

A

painful bluish lesions on the shin - associated w/ TB, OCPs, IBD

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32
Q

erythema marginatum associated with

A

rheumatic fever - erythematous macule on the trunk with central clearing

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33
Q

very itchy linear lesions that can be papular or pustular and between digits is involved

A

scabies

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34
Q

scabies treatment

A

permethrin 5% cream (elmite)

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35
Q

itchy scalp with excoriation on the nape of neck/behind ears with white dots on hair shaft

A

head lice

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36
Q

head lice treatment

A

permethrin cream rinse now and one week later

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37
Q

itchy head despite head lice treatment

A

normal inflammatory response - treat with steroids, not a treatment failure

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38
Q

maculae caerulae

A

blue gray macules on abdomen or inner thigh consistent with pubic lice

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39
Q

wright stain of molluscum contagiosum

A

viral inclusion bodies

40
Q

clustered erythematous papule with a central puncture that recur episodically

A

papular urticaria

41
Q

honey colored crusted lesions

A

non-bullous impetigo

42
Q

bacteria in acne

A

propionibacterium acnes

43
Q

types of non-inflammatory acne

A

closed and open comedones

44
Q

closed comedones

A

white heads - plugged follicles covered with epithelium

45
Q

open comedones

A

blackheads - plugged follicles without covering (black from melanin)

46
Q

types of inflammatory acne

A

papules, pustules and nodules

47
Q

adenoma sebaceum

A

angiofibromas that can be mistaken for acne

48
Q

small, red, solid lesions

A

papules

49
Q

acne that can lead to permanent scarring

A

nosules

50
Q

benzoyl peroxide MOA

A

bactericidal

51
Q

mild inflammatory acne treatment

A

topical antibiotics (clindamycin)

52
Q

severe inflammatory acne treatment

A

oral antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline)

53
Q

Tretinoin MOA

A

prevents acne by stopping process that plugs hair follicles

54
Q

kerions

A

tender boggy areas of induration on scalp with tinea capitis

55
Q

black dots or broken hair with tender boggy areas of induration

A

tinea capitis

56
Q

gold standard for diagnosis of tinea capitis

A

fungal culture

57
Q

tinea capitis treatment

A

oral griseofulvin for 6 to 12 weeks (can also use fluconazole or terbinafine)

58
Q

sudden loss of large amounts of hair, usually triggered by a stressful event

A

telogen effluvium - can see telogen bulbs on microscopic exam

59
Q

irregular patches of hair loss with hair shafts of different length

A

traction alopecia

60
Q

most common form of mastocytosis

A

urticaria pigmentosa

61
Q

pigmented lesions that flush or turn into hives and develop blisters when rubbed

A

Darier sign - urticaria pigmentosa

62
Q

patients with urticaria pigments must avoid waht

A

narcotics, radio contrast and NSAIDs

63
Q

hypo pigmented patches that worsen with sun exposure

A

tinea versicolor

64
Q

diagnostic test for tinea versicolor

A

KOH prep

65
Q

tinea versicolor treatment

A

astringents or topical anti fungal creams or topical selenium sulfide or PO antifungals

66
Q

stages of incontinentia pigmenti

A
  1. erythematous papules/vesicles along the lines of Blaschko for 1-2 weeks
  2. warty growths
  3. hyperpigmentation like marble cake
  4. hypo pigmentation
67
Q

autoimmune destruction of melanocytes leading to depigmentation

A

vitiligo

68
Q

vitiligo treatment

A

topical steroids and tacrolimus/pimecrolimus

69
Q

post inflammatory hypopigmentation

A

pityriasis alba

70
Q

DD, hemiplegia, seizures, glaucoma, nevus flammeus

A

sturge weber

71
Q

glaucoma side in storage weber

A

same side as nevus flammeus

72
Q

focal seizure in sturge weber

A

contralateral to nevus flammeus

73
Q

venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis

A

with sturge weber

74
Q

port wine stain treatment

A

tunable dye (pulsed dye) laser

75
Q

von Recklinghausen disease aka

A

neurofibromatosis type 1

76
Q

NF 1 diagnosis

A

2 of 7 needed

  • 6 or more cafe au lait spots >5 mm wide
  • lisch nodules (iris hamartomas)
  • neurofibromas
  • opti cerve glioma
  • inguinal or axillary freckling
  • bony defects
  • family history
77
Q

NF 1 transmission

A

autosomal dominant on chromosome 17

78
Q

must monitor what with NF1

A

BP - can get HTN bc associated with pheochromocytomas and renal artery stenosis

79
Q

NF 2 transmission

A

chromosome 22

80
Q

NF 2 diagnosis

A

bilateral CN 8 masses on CT or MRI

81
Q

tuberous sclerosis diagnosis requires

A

2 or more symptoms

  • more than 3 ash leaf spots
  • periventricular/cortical tubers
  • sebaceous gland hyperplasia
  • shagreen patch
  • sub/periungual fibroma
  • cardiac rhabdomyoma
  • retinal nodular hamartomas
  • renal angiomyolipomas
82
Q

recurrent blistering of the skin and mucosa after minor trauma and nail changes

A

epidermolysis bullosa

83
Q

hemangioma that enlarges rapidly due to sequestration of platelets into the lesion

A

kasabach-merritt syndrome

84
Q

diameter of skin lesion that requires further investigation

A

> 6 mm

85
Q

small white/yellow masses on either side of the raphe on the hard palate

A

ebstein pearls

86
Q

PHACES syndrome

A

Posterior fossa abnormalities (dandy-walker)
Hemangioma
Arterial anomalies (usually intracerebral)
Cardiac defects (coarctactin)
Eye abnormalities (microphthalmia)
Sternal defects/Supraumbilical raphe

87
Q

port wine stain of lower extremity = increased risk for what syndrome

A

klippel-trenaunay syndrome

88
Q

a large congenital melanoxytic nevus = increased risk for

A

melanoma

89
Q

diagnosis with fine white scales without redness on the extensor surfaces that improves in the heat and hyper linear palms and soles due to loss of function in the gene for filaggrin

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

90
Q

associated with x linked recessive ichthyosis

A

undescended testes with underdeveloped penis and scrotum

91
Q

diagnosis with blistering that follows the lines of Blaschko, delayed eruption of teeth with peg/cone shaped teeth and strabismus

A

incontinenti pigmenti (only in girls bc boys don’t survive)

92
Q

must consider what with severe seborrhea

A

langerhans cell histiocytosis

93
Q

acrodermatitis enteropathica is due to deficiency in

A

zinc

94
Q

well defined brown/red plaques In axilla, groin, toe webs and under breasts caused by corynebacterium minutissimum

A

erythrasma

95
Q

virus that is the most common cause of erythema multiforme

A

herpes simplex

BOARDS (24 decks)

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