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Derm Flashcards

1
Q

wright stain with neonatal herpes

A

multinucleated giant cells and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions

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2
Q

vesicles in a linear pattern without an erythematous base

A

incontinentia pigmenti

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3
Q

pustules on a non-eythematous base in neonates

A

transient neonatal pustular melanosis

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4
Q

yellow pustules on an erythematous base in neonates, not present at birth

A

erythema toxicum neonatorum

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5
Q

wright stain of erythema toxicum neonatorum

A

eosinophils

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6
Q

diagnosis of infant with erythematous macule with an occasional vesicle

A

erythema toxicum neonatorum

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7
Q

diffuse scaling with erythematous papule and pustules

A

cutaneous candidiasis

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8
Q

lichenification with scratching

A

atopic dermatitis

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9
Q

seborrheic dermatitis treatment

A

anti fungal washes and topical steroids

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10
Q

itchy rash on feet with minimal scaling and interdicts are normal

A

juvenile plantar dermatosis

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11
Q

juvenile plantar dermatosis treatment

A

steroid cream ex: triamcinolone

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12
Q

auspitz sign

A

pinpoint bleeding after removing scale of psoriasis

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13
Q

small oval patches of rash on trunk and back with a herald patch

A

pityriasis rosea

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14
Q

pityriasis rosea treatment

A

none needed but sun/light improves symptoms

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15
Q

thin scaly lesions with an elevated border and central clearing

A

tines corporis

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16
Q

dry skin with thin scales with a painted on appearance

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

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17
Q

ichthyosis vulgaris treatment

A

keratolytic agents ex: ammonium lactate cream OR alpha hydroxy acid and urea containing emollients

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18
Q

non scaling annular lesions without epidermal involvement

A

granuloma annulare

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19
Q

impetigo treatment

A

mupirocin ointment

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20
Q

very tender and red skin that spreads and becomes sheet-like

A

staph scalded skin syndrome

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21
Q

erythema multiforme minor

A

most commonly due to recurrent herpes infection but also can be from meds, starts on extremities and spreads to the trunk, stop.remove triggering agent

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22
Q

common triggers of erythema multiforme major

A

sulfa drugs, anticonvulsants and NSAIDs

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23
Q

fever, muscle aches, joint aches followed by target lesions on the extremities that spread and involves mucous membrane involvement

A

stevens johnson syndrome

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24
Q

how to distinguish SSSS from TEN

A

skin biopsy (TEN involves the dermis, SSSS does not)

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25
sunburn like erythema with sheet like separation of skin with widespread bull and denuded necrotic skin
toxic epidermal necolysis
26
types of erythema multiforme major
stevens johnson syndrome and TEN
27
fevers, hypotension and rash
toxic shock syndrome
28
boggy and blue ulcers with a necrotic base
pyoderma gangrenosum
29
erythema infectiosum
fifth disease - slapped cheek
30
erythema chronic migraines is associated with
lyme disease
31
erythema nodosum
painful bluish lesions on the shin - associated w/ TB, OCPs, IBD
32
erythema marginatum associated with
rheumatic fever - erythematous macule on the trunk with central clearing
33
very itchy linear lesions that can be papular or pustular and between digits is involved
scabies
34
scabies treatment
permethrin 5% cream (elmite)
35
itchy scalp with excoriation on the nape of neck/behind ears with white dots on hair shaft
head lice
36
head lice treatment
permethrin cream rinse now and one week later
37
itchy head despite head lice treatment
normal inflammatory response - treat with steroids, not a treatment failure
38
maculae caerulae
blue gray macules on abdomen or inner thigh consistent with pubic lice
39
wright stain of molluscum contagiosum
viral inclusion bodies
40
clustered erythematous papule with a central puncture that recur episodically
papular urticaria
41
honey colored crusted lesions
non-bullous impetigo
42
bacteria in acne
propionibacterium acnes
43
types of non-inflammatory acne
closed and open comedones
44
closed comedones
white heads - plugged follicles covered with epithelium
45
open comedones
blackheads - plugged follicles without covering (black from melanin)
46
types of inflammatory acne
papules, pustules and nodules
47
adenoma sebaceum
angiofibromas that can be mistaken for acne
48
small, red, solid lesions
papules
49
acne that can lead to permanent scarring
nosules
50
benzoyl peroxide MOA
bactericidal
51
mild inflammatory acne treatment
topical antibiotics (clindamycin)
52
severe inflammatory acne treatment
oral antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline)
53
Tretinoin MOA
prevents acne by stopping process that plugs hair follicles
54
kerions
tender boggy areas of induration on scalp with tinea capitis
55
black dots or broken hair with tender boggy areas of induration
tinea capitis
56
gold standard for diagnosis of tinea capitis
fungal culture
57
tinea capitis treatment
oral griseofulvin for 6 to 12 weeks (can also use fluconazole or terbinafine)
58
sudden loss of large amounts of hair, usually triggered by a stressful event
telogen effluvium - can see telogen bulbs on microscopic exam
59
irregular patches of hair loss with hair shafts of different length
traction alopecia
60
most common form of mastocytosis
urticaria pigmentosa
61
pigmented lesions that flush or turn into hives and develop blisters when rubbed
Darier sign - urticaria pigmentosa
62
patients with urticaria pigments must avoid waht
narcotics, radio contrast and NSAIDs
63
hypo pigmented patches that worsen with sun exposure
tinea versicolor
64
diagnostic test for tinea versicolor
KOH prep
65
tinea versicolor treatment
astringents or topical anti fungal creams or topical selenium sulfide or PO antifungals
66
stages of incontinentia pigmenti
1. erythematous papules/vesicles along the lines of Blaschko for 1-2 weeks 2. warty growths 3. hyperpigmentation like marble cake 4. hypo pigmentation
67
autoimmune destruction of melanocytes leading to depigmentation
vitiligo
68
vitiligo treatment
topical steroids and tacrolimus/pimecrolimus
69
post inflammatory hypopigmentation
pityriasis alba
70
DD, hemiplegia, seizures, glaucoma, nevus flammeus
sturge weber
71
glaucoma side in storage weber
same side as nevus flammeus
72
focal seizure in sturge weber
contralateral to nevus flammeus
73
venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis
with sturge weber
74
port wine stain treatment
tunable dye (pulsed dye) laser
75
von Recklinghausen disease aka
neurofibromatosis type 1
76
NF 1 diagnosis
2 of 7 needed - 6 or more cafe au lait spots >5 mm wide - lisch nodules (iris hamartomas) - neurofibromas - opti cerve glioma - inguinal or axillary freckling - bony defects - family history
77
NF 1 transmission
autosomal dominant on chromosome 17
78
must monitor what with NF1
BP - can get HTN bc associated with pheochromocytomas and renal artery stenosis
79
NF 2 transmission
chromosome 22
80
NF 2 diagnosis
bilateral CN 8 masses on CT or MRI
81
tuberous sclerosis diagnosis requires
2 or more symptoms - more than 3 ash leaf spots - periventricular/cortical tubers - sebaceous gland hyperplasia - shagreen patch - sub/periungual fibroma - cardiac rhabdomyoma - retinal nodular hamartomas - renal angiomyolipomas
82
recurrent blistering of the skin and mucosa after minor trauma and nail changes
epidermolysis bullosa
83
hemangioma that enlarges rapidly due to sequestration of platelets into the lesion
kasabach-merritt syndrome
84
diameter of skin lesion that requires further investigation
>6 mm
85
small white/yellow masses on either side of the raphe on the hard palate
ebstein pearls
86
PHACES syndrome
Posterior fossa abnormalities (dandy-walker) Hemangioma Arterial anomalies (usually intracerebral) Cardiac defects (coarctactin) Eye abnormalities (microphthalmia) Sternal defects/Supraumbilical raphe
87
port wine stain of lower extremity = increased risk for what syndrome
klippel-trenaunay syndrome
88
a large congenital melanoxytic nevus = increased risk for
melanoma
89
diagnosis with fine white scales without redness on the extensor surfaces that improves in the heat and hyper linear palms and soles due to loss of function in the gene for filaggrin
ichthyosis vulgaris
90
associated with x linked recessive ichthyosis
undescended testes with underdeveloped penis and scrotum
91
diagnosis with blistering that follows the lines of Blaschko, delayed eruption of teeth with peg/cone shaped teeth and strabismus
incontinenti pigmenti (only in girls bc boys don't survive)
92
must consider what with severe seborrhea
langerhans cell histiocytosis
93
acrodermatitis enteropathica is due to deficiency in
zinc
94
well defined brown/red plaques In axilla, groin, toe webs and under breasts caused by corynebacterium minutissimum
erythrasma
95
virus that is the most common cause of erythema multiforme
herpes simplex

BOARDS (24 decks)

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