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BOARDS > Behavioral/Ingestions > Flashcards

Behavioral/Ingestions Flashcards

1
Q

normal crying pattern from birth to 6 weeks

A

up to 2 hrs per day

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2
Q

normal crying pattern from 6 weeks and beyond

A

3 hrs per day

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3
Q

colic definition

A

crying more than 3 hrs per day more than 3 days per week for more than 3 weeks between 3 weeks and 3 months of age

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4
Q

increased incidence of breath holding spells with

A

anemia

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5
Q

extinction burst

A

behavior initially worsens when ignoring (extinction)

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6
Q

length of time out

A

1 minute per year old

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7
Q

head banging can be normal if

A

<4 years

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8
Q

biting can be normal up to

A

age 3

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9
Q

when to start active measure against thumb sucking

A

4 years

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10
Q

phobia defintion

A

excessive anxiety that interferes with daily function for at least 6 months

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11
Q

phobia treatment

A

desensitization w/ gradual controlled exposure OR cognitive behavioral techniques to reframe triggers

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12
Q

ADHD must be present before age

A

12

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13
Q

ADHD-hyperactive is more common in

A

males

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14
Q

ADHD-inattentive is more common in

A

females

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15
Q

areas of brain less activated in ADHD

A

dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways

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16
Q

absence seizures can be induced by

A

hyperventilation

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17
Q

must rule out these first before diagnosing ADHD

A

visual or hearing deficit, lead toxicity, thyroid, neurological damage (infection/trauma), medications )phenobarbital or antihistamines)

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18
Q

stimulants can increase serum concentration of what meds

A

TCAs and seizure meds

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19
Q

first line treatment for depression

A

fluoxetine (prozac)

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20
Q

must monitor what if on amitriptyline

A

EKG, BP, CBC

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21
Q

amitriptyline weird side effect

A

blue/green urine

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22
Q

self harming behavior is most common in

A

females

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23
Q

75% of kids are toilet trained by

A

36 months

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24
Q

primary nocturnal enuresis

A

children 5 or older that has never been dry for 6 consecutive months

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25
Q

treatment for nocturnal enuresis

A

behavior modification and bedwetting alarms

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26
Q

establish a day/night schedule by

A

2 months

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27
Q

can sleep through the night by

A

4 months

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28
Q

hours a 1 yr old should sleep

A

13 to 14 hours per day

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29
Q

sleep training should occur when

A

4 to 6 months - cry it out

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30
Q

occur during the firs third of the night and they don’t remember them once awake

A

night terror

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31
Q

occurs during the last third of the night, can awake easily and will recall it

A

nightmare

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32
Q

nightmares occur during what stage of sleep

A

REM (last third of the night)

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33
Q

mineral deficiency associated with trichotillomania

A

iron deficiency

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34
Q

stages of grief for adolescent after death of close family member

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

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35
Q

how to manage a hypertensive and hyperthermic adolescent after meth

A

cooling blankets and benzodiazepine

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36
Q

exam findings after huffing

A

hypotension, cutaneous flushing followed by vasoconstriction, tachycardia w/ inverted T waves and ST depression

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37
Q

dizzy, dilated pupils, hallucinations and delusions

A

LSD

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38
Q

ataxia, euphoria, abusive language and thrashing bc tanks people are trying to get them

A

PCP

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39
Q

1st sign of opioid withdrawal

A

yawning

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40
Q

treatment for maladaptive behaviors (tantrums, aggression, etc) in autism

A

risperidone

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41
Q

what type of sleep occurs at the onset of sleep in infants

A

REM

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42
Q

psychosomatic disorder involving the loss of motor or sensory function without a medical cause

A

conversion disorder

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43
Q

physical complaint with no medical origin

A

psychosomatic disorder

44
Q

how soon after foster care placement is the initial health screening needed

A

within 72 hours

45
Q

most common OCD ritual in children

A

hand washing/cleaning

46
Q

most commonly abused substance in teens

A

alcohol

47
Q

symptoms of abrupt smoking cessation

A

irritability, sleep disturbance, increased appetite, anxiety, restlessness

48
Q

munchausen by proxy aka

A

factitious disorder

49
Q

Tourette syndrome diagnosis

A

multiple motor and vocal tics present for at least 1 year with no tic free interval longer than 3 months and prior to age 18

50
Q

autism diagnosis

A

impaired social communications/interactions AND repetitive/restrictive/stereotypic behaviors

51
Q

most common fatal complication of inhalants

A

cardiac arrhythmia

52
Q

toxicity with gasoline sniffing

A

lead toxicity

53
Q

how to monitor discontinuation of THC

A

urine THC:creatinine ratio

54
Q

treatment for high blood pressure and agitation with overdose of amphetamine

A

benzodiazepine

55
Q

barbiturate vs opioid overdose

A

normal pupil size w/ barbiturates

56
Q

ingestion with anasarca and asymmetric pupils

A

PCP

57
Q

most common cause of preventable intellectual disability

A

hypothyroidism

58
Q

most common inherited disorder known to cause intellectual disability

A

fragile x

59
Q

most common teratogen to cause intellectual disability

A

alcohol

60
Q

mild intellectual disability IQ score

A

55-70

61
Q

moderate intellectual disability IQ score

A

40-55

62
Q

severe intellectual disability IQ score

A

25-40

63
Q

profound intellectual disability IQ score

A

<25

64
Q

may have normal language development until when even with hearing loss

A

6 to 9 months (will babble)

65
Q

dyslexia is normal up until what age

A

7 years

66
Q

what to not use charcoal for

A 
CALM
Cyanide
Alcohol
Lithium
Metals
67
Q

most important indicator for acetaminophen toxicity

A

level at 4 to 10 hours post ingestion

68
Q

what amount of Tylenol ingestion to start NAC prior to levels

A

140mg/kg

69
Q

if less than 4 hours from Tylenol ingestion give

A

activated charcoal

70
Q

wintergreen odor on breath think

A

salicylate

71
Q

salicylate overdose treatment

A

activated charcoal initially and sodium bicarb to alkalinize the urine and correct the metabolic acidosis

72
Q

common in salicylate toxicity

A

fever

73
Q

cause of metabolic acidosis in salicylate toxicity

A

respiratory alkalosis and buildup of organic acids from salicylate action in cells

74
Q

blurred/snowfield vision and edema of the optic disk

A

methanol toxicity

75
Q

methanol is found in

A

windshield washer fluid, cooking fuel, perfume and anitfreeze

76
Q

methanol is broken down into

A

formic acid and formaldehyde

77
Q

methanol ingestion treatment

A

ethanol to slow conversion to formaldehyde (acts as alcohol dehydrogenase antagonist) AND sodium bicarb to counteract formic acid

78
Q

organophosphate MOA

A

inhibits acetylcholinesterase causing acetylcholine overload

79
Q

muscarinic effects of organophosphates

A

salivation, lacrimation, diarrhea, wheezing, bradycardia

80
Q

muscarinic treatment from organophosphates

A

atropine

81
Q

nicotinic effects of organophosphates

A

neuromuscular - weakness, paralysis, fasciculations

82
Q

nicotinic treatment form organophosphates

A

pralidoxime

83
Q

TCA overdose presentation

A

anticholinergic

84
Q

TCA overdose initial treatment

A

activated charcoal

85
Q

TCA widening of QRS treatment

A

sodium bicarb until QRS <100

86
Q

hydrocarbon examples

A

gasoline, kerosene, lighter fluid

87
Q

management of asymptomatic patient w/ hydrocarbon ingestion

A

observe for 6 hours

88
Q

hypoxemia and diffuse bilateral infiltrates after ingestion of what

A

hydrocarbons

89
Q

carbon monoxide poisoning treatment

A

high flow oxygen through nonrebreather (despite spO2 bc doesn’t distinguish between carboxyhemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin)

90
Q

poisoning that presents similar to CO but does not improve with oxygen

A

cyanide

91
Q

smell of almonds associated with what poisoning

A

cyanide

92
Q

cyanide poisoning treatment

A

hydroxocobalamin OR sodium thiosulfate

93
Q

ingestion with crystals in urine

A

ethylene glycol

94
Q

lead levels that require chelation

A

> 70 mcg/dL

95
Q

what is considered a toxic ingestion of iron

A

40 mg/kg

96
Q

severe iron ingestion lab findings

A

serum iron >150, WBC <15K, glucose >150

97
Q

iron chelation treatment

A

deferoxamine

98
Q

clinical finding of iron toxicity

A

urine is pink

99
Q

lab finding with lead toxicity

A

microcytic anemia

100
Q

smallpox vs varicella

A

smallpox starts on the face and extremities, varicella starts centrally

101
Q

pruritic papule that progresses to a central bulls lesion that becomes necrotic and forms a central black painless eschar

A

anthrax

102
Q

location of coins that need removed ASAP

A

proximal esophagus

103
Q

coins in mid to lower esophagus management

A

monitor for 12 to 24 hours and if no movement then endoscopy

104
Q

coin in the stomach management

A

observe passage

105
Q

coin that is forward facing on PA and side on lateral is where

A

esophagus

106
Q

coin that is lateral on PA film is where

A

trachea

BOARDS (24 decks)

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