Department Images 1-52 (Skipped a few shitty images) (Dustin) Flashcards
What type of epithelium?
Simple Squamous Endothelium
(this is in endocardium)
What type of epithelium? Where is it?
What kind of staining?
Mesothelium - simple squamous epithelium. From peritoneum (frog)
Silver nitrate impregnation
What type of epithelium?
Single layer simple simple cuboidal
(In kidney papilla)
What type of epithelium?
What do you call the thin pink stripe that covers the surface of the cells?
Simple columnar (Gall Bladder)
Pink Stripe = Cuticle, made up of microvilli
What type of epithelium? Where is it?
What kind of staining?
Pigment epithelium (Retina)
Native staining (unstained)
What type of epithelium?
Which tissue?
What are the paler parts of the epithelium?
Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated Epithelium
(Respiratory epithelium, Trachea)
Pseudostrat = all cells rest on basement membrane, but not all extend to the surface
Paler parts = Goblet Cells (not very visible in this image but they’re there)
Note: epididymis also has pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium, but don’t see goblet cells
What type of epithelium is this?
Stratified Columnar (Urethra)
What type of epithelium?
What layers do the 3 colored arrows point to?
Stratified Squamous Non-keratinizing epithelium (esophagus)
Black = Stratum Planocellular
Green = Stratum Spinosum / Polygonale
Red = Stratum Basale / Germinativum
What type of epithelium is this?
What are the outermost cells called?
And what are the middle layer of epithelium cells called?
Transitional Epithelium - Urinary Bladder
Outermost = Umbrella Cells
Middle = Pear-shaped or Piriform Cells
What type of epithelium is this?
What is the pink layer called?
The layer with the darker-colored dots?
And the layer at the bottom of the image?
Stratified Squamous Keratinizing Epithelium
(Non-Hairy, Palm Skin)
Pink layer = stratum lucidum
Dark dots = stratum granulosum
Bottom of image = stratum corneum (most external layer)
What type of glands are these?
(Not sure how exactly to distinguish it from others without more in the frame)
Sweat glands
Most sweat glands in the body are classified as eccrine. However, there are also apocrine sweat glands that are the ones around the armpits of humans and are more associated with pheromones.
What type of tissue is this?
What type of staining?
What is stained blue
What is stained red?
Hairy Skin (hair follicles most prominent in picture)
Azan Staining
Blue = collagen and elastic fibers
Red = nuclei, hair follicles,
(not seen, but also epidermis, muscle tissue, and RBC’s are red)
What are the large paler cells in the outer layer?
Goblet cells
(in duodenum)
What glands are shown here? What type of secretion do they do?
What do they produce?
Sebaceous Glands
Undergo holocrine secretion
Produce Sebum
What gland is this?
What type of secretion?
Prostate Gland
Apocrine secretion (or more technically, pseudo-apocrine)
Note that the lumen is widely dilated, and there is a thin layer of smooth muscle surrounding the gland (two features to help identify it)
Also remember corpora amylacea or prostatic stones can be found within the lumen
What gland is this? How do you know?
Parotid Gland
It’s exclusively serous with significant adipose tissue
(Lacrimal gland has those two in common, but serous cells are paler / more eosinophilic)
What gland is this? How do you know?
Submandibular Gland
Mixture of serous and mucus acini, but predominantly serous
(mucus acini are poorly stained)
What gland is this? What type of staining?
Submandibular gland,
Mucicarmin Stain
What gland is this?
Sublingual Gland
It’s 2/3 mucus acini, 1/3 serous
What tissue is shown in the image?
Collagen fiber fabric of a tendon (H-E)
Elongated tendonocytes are seen between collagen fibers, do not mix them up with fibrocartilage!
What type of fibers?
What stain?
Elastic fibers (surrounding carotid artery)
Resorchin-Fuchsin staining
What type of fibers?
Stain?
Reticular fibers of liver
Silver stain
What is shown here?
Staining? What does that differentiate?
Scalp skin
Hornowsky Stain
Red = Collagen
Black/dark violet = Elastic fibers
What stain and organ?
What is stained blue, and what is stained red?
Azan stain for Scalp Skin
- Blue = Connective tissue
- Red = epithelial cells, glands, muscle tissue, and vessels (nuclei = red)
Elastic fibers are stained the same color as collagen, the Hornowsky stain differentiates those
What type of glandular secretion?
Holocrine secretion (scalp skin)
Which slide?
What are 2 important features seen in this slide?
Umbilical cord
- Mesenchymal Cells (pre-fibroblasts): irregular, star shape cytoplasmic processes with oval nuclei and prominent nucleoli
- Wharton’s Jelly: basophilic mucus connective tissue (mesenchymal tissue) that surrounds the umbilical vessels
What slide?
What are the major types of cell you see here?
Healing Wound, H-E
Various types of CT and WBC’s typical for a healing wound are seen, including eosinophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells
What are 1, 2, and 3?
1: Fibroblast: relatively large, pale elongated nuclei, prominent nucleoli, basophilic cytoplasm
2: Lymphocyte: small, round, densely stained nucleus, thin halo of poorly-stained cytoplasm
3: Eosinophilic Granulocyte: bilobed nuclei and strongly stained eosinophilic granules
What are 1 and 2?
1: Plasma Cell
2: Lymphocyte
What are 1, 2, and 3?
1: Macrophage (Histiocyte)
2: Fibroblast
3: Plasma Cell (probably…)
What type of cell?
Staining?
Mast Cells (from Peritoneum)
Toluidine Blue stain, which colors heparin to red-violet
Mast cells also contain histamine (not sure if that gives any color change, but heparin definitely does)
Slide? Stain?
Adipose Tissue (Sudan III Stain)
Stains fat to orange
Nuclei and muscle are blue
Taken from Peritoneal Tissue, but our slides have it on the Tongue
What type of cell do you see in the middle of the image?
Fibrocyte
What type of tissue?
What are the groups of cells called?
What is the non-cellular substance they are embedded in?
What is the open non-cellular space called?
Hyaline Cartilage (Costal cartilage, H-E)
The groups of cells = Chondrons (aggregations of chondrocytes)
Chrondons are embdedded in a basophilic territoral matrix (capsule)
The rest of the slide is the glossy interterritorial matrix that is less basophilic
What type of tissue?
What stain? What does it do?
What are the outer rims of the tissue called?
Elastic Cartilage (Epiglottis)
Resorcin-Fuchsin Stain: distinguishes elastic fibers as black/dark purple
Outer rims = perichondrium
What is the tissue?
What are the important distinguishing features?
Fibrocartilage (Meniscus)
Alternating layers of hyaline cartilage matrix (but this matrix is acidophilic) and thick layers of dense collagen type I oriented in one direction. Contains chondrons arranged in rows. Has no perichondrium.
Don’t mix it up with the tendon slide! Tendon nuclei are long and sharp-ended, but chondrocytes are ball-shaped with round nuclei
What tissue?
What is the functional unit marked in green?
Bone
Fuchsin Injection (this is not from our slides but in the department images)
Green = Osteon / Haversian system, which is the microscopic unit of compact bone
What is the tissue? What stain?
What is #1?
Long Bone
Schmorl stain (described on another card)
1: Interstitial Lamella: these exist between osteons, and are remnants of the continuously remodeled bone
(Note: the department slides include a longitudinal section of bone that shows Volkmann’s canals, but so far the department images have not included longitudinal bone pictures)
What slide is this?
(be able to identify the major cell and tissue types; there is a labeled image on the other side)
Intramembranous Ossification (Calvaria, H-E)
Howship’s Lacunae: shallow depressions on inner surface of bone that result from osteoclast resorption activity
Osteoid = newly synthesized, uncalcified bone matrix
Arvin made a snooty point about needing clarify “calvaria” and not just “skull” on the exam
Which slide is this?
What are 1-5?
Intramembranous ossification (Calvaria, H-E)
1: Trabecula
2: Osteocyte
3: Howship’s Lacunae
4: Osteoclast
5: Osteoblasts
What is being pointed at with the black arrow?
Osteoclast
What is this a slide of?
What is the stain?
Intramembranous Ossification (Calvaria)
Azan stain (not part of our slides)
What type of tissue?
What is the zone with smaller cells called?
And the zone with larger cells?
Endochondral Ossification (Fetal Hand, H-E)
Smaller cells are in the Proliferative Zone: dividing chondrocytes
Larger cells are in the Degenerative Zone: chrondocytes are hypertrophied and the intercellular matrix becomes calcified, resulting in a more basophilic color
What is this slide?
Which zone is at the top of the image?
What zone makes up the rest of the image, and what cells is it marked by?
Endochondral ossification
Zone @ top = Degenerative Zone
Rest = Ossification Zone, which contains chondroclasts and osteoblasts, spicule, and primary bone marrow
What slide is this?
What are the black arrows pointing at?
What are the orange arrows pointing at?
Endochondral Ossification (H-E)
Black arrows = osteoclasts
Orange arrows = chondroclasts
What type of glands?
What type of secretion?
Merocrine and Apocrine Sweat Glands
What type of glandular secretion?
Apocrine gland secretion
“scent cells myoepithelium”
(this is at least the translation of the image title from hungarian, barely covered in class but may still come up and they put a bunch of pictures of this sort of thing for some reason)
What is the tissue?
What stain?
What are 1, 2, and 3?
Long Bone, Cross-section
Schmorl stain
1: Haversian Canal
2: (Special) Lamellae
3: Lacuna containing Osteocyte
