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BIO 181-171 > Department Final (BIO 181-171) > Flashcards

Department Final (BIO 181-171) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the layers of epithelium in the digestive tract?

A

enterocytes (with microvilli),

  • goblet cells,
  • entero-endocrine cells,
  • M cells
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2
Q

What will a morsel of food pass through the digestive system from small intestine to rectum?

A 
duodenum
jejunum
ileum 
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
rectum
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3
Q

Accessory organs in the digestive system

A

liver

pancreas

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4
Q

Metabolism

A

sum of all chemical reactions in the body

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5
Q

Areas of GI tract … kind of epithelium that is present where mechanical abrasions are frequent

A

stratified squamos epithelium

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6
Q

Function of goblet cells

A

to secrete mucous

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7
Q

Most of nutrient absorption takes place in the

A

small intestine

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8
Q

Peristalsis

A

waves of movement

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9
Q

Section of colon that would have the most lipid consistency

A

ascending colon

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10
Q

Examples of monosaccrides

A

Fructose
Glucose
Galactose

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11
Q

Hepatic portal vein carries blood from ___ to ____

A

digestive system; liver

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12
Q

What is the function of the myelin sheath

A

to increase in the speed at which impulses propagate along the ‘‘myelinated’’ fiber

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13
Q

Mechanisms behind medulla oblongata

A

cardiovascular
sneezing
vomiting

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14
Q

Specialization of left hemisphere of brain

A

language
logic
abstract
sensory-motor

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15
Q

What type of information is carried by descending tracts

A

motor information

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16
Q

Components of reflex arc: receptors to sensory neurons to ___ to ____ to effector

A

Receptor–>Sensory Neuron–> Interneuron–> Motor neuron–> Effector organ.

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17
Q

What’s controlled by autonomic nervous system

A

involuntary

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18
Q

What’s controlled by somatic nervous system

A

skeletal

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19
Q

What are nodes of Ranvier

A

gap in the myelin sheath of a myelinated nerve fiber

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20
Q

cavities in the brian

A

ventricles

21
Q

All functions of the hypothalamus

A 
hormone production
body temperature
thirst
hunger
sleep
circadian rhythm
moods
sex drive
release of other hormones in the body
22
Q

What is going to happen if someone has a stroke in the middle region of the temporal cerebral cortex

A

Damage to the frontal lobe can lead to changes in sexual habits, socialization, and attention as well as increased risk-taking.

23
Q

What is the responses to sympathetic nervous innervation

A

pupil dilation

increased blood pressure

24
Q

cranial nerve for sound and balance

A

vestibular cochlear nerve

25
Q

carotid bodies

A

chemoreceptors

26
Q

pain receptors

A

nocioreceptors

27
Q

eustachian tube connects ___ to ____

A

pharynx to the middle ear

28
Q

rods and cones are located in

A

the retina

29
Q

order in which light hits eye

A

cornea–> aqueous humor –> lens –> vitreous body

30
Q

receptors for hearing are located in the

A

cochlea

31
Q

First structure that vibrates in the ear

A

tympanic membrane

32
Q

Which organ functions as an endocrine and exocrine gland

A

pancreas

33
Q

What hormone determines metabolic rate

A

thyroid hormone

34
Q

Which hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland

A

TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, GH, and PRL

35
Q

Which hormone causes increased rate of protein synthesis especially by skeletal muscle an tissue

A

Glucagon

36
Q

main target of antiduretic hormones

A

kidney cells

37
Q

What hormones produced adrenal medulla

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

38
Q

Target cells for Prolactin located at

A

Mammary Glands, ovaries, testicles

39
Q

Filtrate in urinary from Bowman’s capsule to PCT

A 
Bowman's capsule
Glomerulus
PCT
loop of henle
DCT
Collecting Duct
40
Q

GFR

A

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney

41
Q

Where urine flows out of nephron into which kidney structure

A

minor caylx

42
Q

Dilute urine contains more __ than concentrated urine

A

water

43
Q

spermatogenesis order of least to most mature sperm

A
  • Spermatogonia
  • Primary spermatocytes
  • Secondary spermatocytes
  • Spermatids
  • Spermatozoa
44
Q

Where in the male reproductive system is produced

A

semniferous tubules

45
Q

Where in the ovary would you find Graafian Follicles

A

cortex

46
Q

What triggers ovulation

A

surge of LH

47
Q

Fertilization of secondary oocyte occurs where in the female reproductive tract

A

uterine tubes

48
Q

Implantation of a blastocyte occurs in which layer?

A

endometrium

BIO 181-171 (12 decks)

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