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NBDE PART 1 MICRO/PATH > Decks Embryology > Flashcards

Decks Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

tongue develops begins development in what week

A

4th

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2
Q

3 major salivary glands begin development in what weeks

A

6-8th

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3
Q

1st salivary gland to develop and time

A

parotid 6th week

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4
Q

2nd salivary gland to develop and time

A

submandibular gland late 6th week

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5
Q

3rd salivary gland to develop and time

A

sublingual gland 8th week

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6
Q

tongue appears in the 4th week first as how many swellings

A

2 lateral and one medial swellings.

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7
Q

2 lateral and one medial swellings originate from _ arch

A

1st branchial arch

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8
Q

the medial swelling of the tongue that forms the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (body of the tongue) is called the

A

tuberculum impar

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9
Q

the other median swelling is the ___

A

copula

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10
Q

copula is formed by mesoderm of what arches

A

2-4th arches

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11
Q

the 2 lateral tongue swellings overgrow the tuberculum impar and merge together to form the

A

anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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12
Q

the posterior 3rd of the tongue originates from what arches

A

2, 3, 4th

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13
Q

the extreme posterior part of the tongue what arch

A

4th

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14
Q

the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is separated by the posterior 1/3 by the

A

terminal sulcus = V shaped groove

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15
Q

foramen cecum is remnant of the proximal end of the

A

thyroglossal duct

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16
Q

branchial clefts are _ origin

A

ectoderm (think eCtoderm)

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17
Q

the branchial pouches are _ origin

A

endoderm

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18
Q

how many branchial arches and what shape

A

6 U shaped

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19
Q

core of branchial arches is

A

mesenchyme formed from mesoderm and neural crest cells that migrate to the neck

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20
Q

parotid gland is derived from

A

ectoderm

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21
Q

submandibular and sublingual glands derived from

A

endoderm

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22
Q

which cartilages of branchial arches are derived from neural crest cells?

A

1st and 2nd

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23
Q

which cartilages of branchial arches are derived from mesoderm

A

4-6th

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24
Q

first branchial arch = _ cartilage derivatives

A

Meckel’s cartilage = ossified to form the malleus and incus of middle ear, sphenomandibular ligament and parts of the sphenoid bone

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25
Q

bony mandible forms from _ ossification

A

intramembranous
most of Meckel’s cartilage disappears ONLY SOME of Meckel’s cartilage makes a contribution to it. its fate is DISSOLUTION WITH MINOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO OSSIFICATION

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26
Q

mandibulofacial dysostosis development defect affecting the derivatives of _ arch

A

1st = micrognathia (small lower jaw), malar (zygomatic hypoplasia), deformed lower rim of the orbit and ear. neural crest cells failed to migrate into arch

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27
Q

second arch derivatives

A

reichert’s cartilage = ossified to form stapes of middle ear, styloid process of temporal bone, the stylohyoid ligament, lesser cornu of the hyoid and upper half of body of hyoid

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28
Q

which arches closely related to middle ear development

A

1 + 2

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29
Q

third arch cartilage form the

A

greater cornu of hyoid bone and lower half of the body of the hyoid

30
Q

4-6th arches cartilage

A

laryngeal cartilages of the larynx (thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform)

31
Q

cleft lip failure of fusion of

A

maxillary process and 2 medial nasal processes

32
Q

maxillary and mandibular processes fuse on the sides to form the

A

labial commissures (corners of the mouth)

33
Q

mandible forms from fusion of the right and left mandibular process in what week?

A

4th week.

34
Q

the _ is the first portion of the face to form AFTER the creation of the stomodeum

A

mandible

35
Q

maxilla formed by merging of the

A

2 maxillary processes of 1st branchial arch.

36
Q

maxilla also forms the

A

upper check regions and most of upper lip

37
Q

frontonasal process/prominence forms in what week

A

4th

38
Q

frontonasal process gives rise to

A

forehead, bridge of nose, primary palate, nasal septum and medial nasal processes

39
Q

nasal placodes in the anterior portion of he frontonasal. what part forms the alae of the nose

A

alae means sides- lateral nasal processes

40
Q

philtrum, portion of upper lip, and middle portion of nose form from fusion of the

A

medial nasal processes

41
Q

mandibular symphysis

A

ridge in midline on surface of the bony mandible where mandible is formed by fusion of the mandibular processes

42
Q

most of upper lip formed by

A

maxillary process

43
Q

palatine tonsils form from

A

2nd pharyngeal POUCH (remember it is inside = endodermal origin)

44
Q

inferior parathyroid form from

A

3rd pharyngeal pouch

45
Q

thymus forms from

A

3rd pharyngeal pouch

46
Q

superior parathyroids form from

A

4th pharyngeal pouch

47
Q

ultimobranchial bodies give rise to the _ cells of the thyroid

A

C

48
Q

ultimobranchial bodies arise from the

A

5th branchial pouch (or 4th in some books so look for either answer)

49
Q

tympanic membrane and cavity forms from the _ pouch

A

1st

50
Q

auditory tube and mastoid antrum form from the

A

1st pouch

51
Q

external auditory meatus formed from the

A

fist pharyngeal CLEFT (OUTSIDE)

52
Q

Digeorge syndrome = what’s been affected

A

congenital malformation caused by underdevelopment of 3rd and 4th POUCHES leading to hypoplasia or absence of parathyroid glands = congenital heart defects and compromised immunity

53
Q

thyroid gland identifiable in what week

A

4th along with tongue

54
Q

first development of face development in the 4th wk is

A

disitntegration of the oropharyngeal membrane

55
Q

initial site of the thyroid gland is bw the

A

copula and tuberculum impar (foramen secum)

56
Q

thyroid gland descend through the thyroglossal duct to it permanent location below/above the thyroid cartilage?

A

below

57
Q

palate is completed during what week

A

12th

58
Q

primary palate forms first in what week

A

5th

59
Q

intermaxillary segment is the result of the fusion of ? what does it form

A

2 medial nasal processes and frontonasal processes = forms the primary palate

60
Q

secondary palate forms in what week

A

6th week (same as parotid gland time)

61
Q

secondary palate forms from

A

two palatal shelves aka lateral palatine processes of the maxillary process

62
Q

secondary palate is the

A

posterior 2/3 of the hard palate = canines and posterior teeth

63
Q

the primary palate forms first, then the second, then they both meet and fuse - completion of palate in what week

A

12

64
Q

nasal cavity formed by

A

nasal pits from the nasal placodes

65
Q

ligamentum teres in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

umbilical vein

66
Q

medial umbilical ligaments in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

umbilical arteries

67
Q

ligamentum arteriosum in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

ductus arteriosus

68
Q

ligamentum venosus in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

ductus venosus

69
Q

urachus in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

allantios

70
Q

nucleus pulposus in the adult comes from _ in the fetus

A

notochord

NBDE PART 1 MICRO/PATH (20 decks)

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