Death 1

Question 1

Innate Immunity

Answer 1

Inborn or non-specific; treats everything the same.
Physical Barriers: skin, mucous, tears, saliva
chemical mediators: chemical lysosomes, HCL, sweat(acid).
Cells: specific phagocytosis and chemical release.

Question 2

Adaptive Immunity

Answer 2

Knows what it is fighting.
Specificity: knows exactly what its fighting and has an ability to recognize.
Memory: knows if it’s been seen before.
B and T cells

Question 3

Symptoms of Inflammation (edema)

Answer 3

1. pain (activates nerves)
2. heat (increase in blood flow)
3. redness (increase in blood flow)
4. swelling

Question 4

Interferons

Answer 4

proteins produced by most cells that protect against virus’

Question 5

Classical Pathway

Answer 5

relies on antibodies

Question 6

Alternative pathways

Answer 6

not reliant on antibodies; spontaneous skips to C3 direct activation.

Question 7

Activated complement protein

Answer 7

1. macrophage attack
2. optimize bacteria to make it more appealing
3. chemotaxis and inflammation

Question 8

surface chemicals

Answer 8

lysozymes (tears, sweat, saliva, nasal secretions)

Question 9

Lysozymes

Answer 9

get rid of bacteria

Question 10

Histamine

Answer 10

an amine released from mast cells, basophils and platelets; histamine causes vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, stimulates gland secretion, causes smooth muscle contraction of airway passages in the lungs, and attracts eosinophils.

Question 11

Kinins

Answer 11

polypeptides that are derived from plasma proteins. They cause vasodilation, increase in vascular permeability, stimulates pain receptors, and attracts neutrophils.

Question 12

Prostoglandins

Answer 12

a group of lipids that( PGE, PGF, thromboxines, and prostacyclines), some of which cause smooth muscle contraction and vasodilation*, increase vascular permeability, and stimulate pain receptors.

Question 13

Pyrogens

Answer 13

chemicals released by neutrophils, monocytes and other cells.
** causes fever

Question 14

Complement

Answer 14

group of plasma proteins that increase vascular permeability, stimulate the release of histamine, activate kinins, lyse cells, promote phagocytosis, and attract neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils.

Question 15

Leukotrienes

Answer 15

a group of lipids, produced primarily by mast cells and basophils, that cause prolonged
smooth muscle contraction (especially in the lung bronchioles), increase vascular permeability, and attract neutrophils and eosinophils.