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Boards > Day 8 > Flashcards

Day 8 Flashcards

1
Q

IIH Demographics (4)

A

Young, obese, black women

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2
Q

IIH RFs (5)

A 
Hypervitaminosis A
High-dose steroids
Tetracyclines
OCPs
Head Trauma
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3
Q

IIH Presentation (2)

A

Waxing/waning HA

Intermittent visual obscurations

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4
Q

IIH Neuro/PE (2)

A

Papilledema on fundoscopic exam

Incr blind spot on VF

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5
Q

IIH Brain Imaging

A

Generally normal, can be slit-like ventricles

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6
Q

IIH Diagnosis

A

LP w/ OP > 20mmHg

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7
Q

2 Pharmacologic and 2 Procedural Txs for IIH

A

Pharma (1st):
Acetazolamide or prednisone
Procedural:
Shunting or optic nerve fenestration (if ventricles too small)

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8
Q

NAMI Make-Up

A

Family members of mentally ill

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9
Q

Migraine w/o Aura Criteria (1/4/2)

A

At least 5 HAs lasting 4-72 hours that have 2 of following characteristics:
Unilateral location
Pulsating quality
Moderate/severe intensity
Aggravated by stairs/routine physical activity
Also one of following sx occurs during HA:
Phono/photophobia
N +/- v

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10
Q

Migraine w/ Aura Criteria (4/4)

A

At least 2 attacks w/ at least 3 of following:
1+ fully reversible aura sx involving focal cortical or brainstem fxn
1+ aura sx develops gradually over 4 min, or 2+ occur in succession
No aura sx lasts for > 60 min
HA follows aura w/ free interval of at least 60 min (or can start simultaneously w/ aura)
OR: 1+ of following aura features:
Homonymous visual disturbance
Unilateral paresthesia/numbness
Unilateral weakness
Aphasia/unclassifiable speech difficulty

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11
Q

TPA Timeframe

A

Gen w/in 3 hours, but w/in 4.5hrs for some pts

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12
Q

TPA Contraindications (4)

A

Major surgery w/in past 14 days
BP > 185/110
Bleeding parameters: PT > 15 or INR > 1.7
CT w/ signs of ICH

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13
Q

RLS Tx (category + 4 non-category meds)

A

DA Agonists, like ropinirole 1st line

Also helpful: BZDs, opioids, gabapentin, levodopa-carbidopa

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14
Q

RLS Cause (1 + 3 associations)

A

Usually idiopathic

Has been associated w/ polyneuropathy, Fe deficiency, and uremia

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15
Q

Suvorexant Mech

A

Orexin antagonist

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16
Q

Wallenberg’s Syndrome Location + 5 Sx

A

Lateral Medulla
Ispsi: Horner’s, Loss of Pain/Temp in Face, Cerebellar Ataxia, and Weakness of Vocal/Pharynx/Palate
Contra: Loss of Pain/Temp to rest of body

17
Q

CSF Level Associated w/ Aggression

A

Decr 5-5HIAA

18
Q

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD) Inheritance, Deficiency, and Result

A

Autosomal recessive deficiency in arylsulfatase A, leading to incr sulfatides in neurons and progressive demyelination

19
Q

MLD Juvenile vs. Adult Onset

A

Juvenile: Gait d/o w/ hypotonia and LE areflexia
Adult: Progressive dementia and behavioral problems

20
Q

MLD Neuropathologic Findings (2)

A

Segmental nerve demyelination and metachromatic inclusions w/in Schwann cells and macrophages

21
Q

MLD Diagnostic Test

A

MRI + urine sulfatide + abnormal ASA enzyme in leukocytes

Nerve bx is diagnostic, tho

22
Q

MLD Tx

A

Bone marrow transplantation may increase ASA levels in brain enough to slow/stop progression

23
Q

Tay-Sachs Ds (what it is, inheritance pattern, chromosome, deficiency)

A

Infantile form of AR gangliosidosis

Hexosaminidase A deficiency, coded by Ch 15

24
Q

Tay-Sachs Sx/Progression/PE

A

Infantile retardation, paralysis, dementia, blindness, hyperreactivity/startle to loud noise, death in 1st or 2nd year
“Cherry red” spot on fundoscopic examination

25
Q

Krabbe’s Ds Other Name

A

Globoid cell leukodystrophy

26
Q

Krabbe’s Ds Inheritance Pattern/Deficiency/Result

A

AR deficiency in galactocerebrosidase Beta-galactosidase

Multinucleated macrophages in CNS white matter associated w/ extensive central and peripheral demyelination

27
Q

Krabbe’s Ds Presentation

A

Rapid infantile deterioration in motor/intellectual, hypertonicity, optic atrophy, opisthotonic, and seizures

28
Q

Krabbe’s Ds Tx

A

Stem cell transplant can return some missing enzyme

29
Q

Moro Reflex

A

Startle reflex: in response to loud sound, baby extends head/extremities, cries, and then withdraws them

30
Q

Parachute Reflex (+ notable feature)

A

Baby extends its arms outward symmetrically in response to rapid lowering of head, breaking the fall
Persists past 6 mo

31
Q

Tonic Head Reflex (+ timeframe)

A

When head turned to one side, ipsi arm extends and contra arm bends up, fencing position
Like between 3-6 mo

32
Q

Grasp and Rooting Reflex in Adulthood

A

Frontal release signs, extensive white matter damage

33
Q

SAD in DSM 5

A

Added qualifier to affective disorders, “with seasonal presentation”

34
Q

SAD Remission

A

Has to show complete remission at certain times of the year

35
Q

Pseudocyesis DSM Category

A

Other Specified Somatic Sx and Related Disorders

36
Q

Most Common Cause of AIDS-Associated Retinopathy

A

CMV

37
Q

JC Virus

A

PML in AIDS

38
Q

IM Phenytoin

A

Erratic absorption, so not good choice for status

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