DAY 3 Flashcards
G
Gravitation Constant
const 39
Stefan Boltzmann constant
const 31
Co
Speed of light constant
const 28
h
Planck’s constant
const 06
Element associated with the unit seconds
Cesium 133
R, infinite
Rydberg constant
const 16
A cylinder with Platinum iridium alloy is used to define the kilogram. What is the name of the cylinder?
Le Grand K
Mass and Radius of Earth and Moon
Masses
EARTH: m=5.98x10^24 kg (81 * moon mass)
MOON: m=7.35x10^22 kg
Radii
EARTH: R= 6,371 km (3.67 * moon radius)
MOON: R=1,738 km
Single seller
Monopoly
Few sellers
Oligopoly
Traded freely
Perfect competition
Single buyer
Monopsony
Few buyers
Oligopsony
Economic system based on private ownership of businesses driven by competitive market and motivation to profit
Capitalism
Rules for Leap years
- Every 4 years
- Century years must be divisible by 400
Internal force resisting external forces per unit area
Stress
Stress that occurs when a member is loaded by an axial force.
normal stress
Force that causes layers or parts to slide upon each other in opposite directions
shearing stress
Load applied in one plane that would result in the fastener being cut into two pieces.
single shear
A failure mechanism in structural members like slabs and foundation by shear under the action of concentrated loads.
punching shear
For body subjected to uniaxial stress
Ratio: transverse strain/axial strain
Poisson’s ratio
Slope of the stress-strain diagram that is a straight line.
Young’s Modulus
Max stress developed during a simple tension that the stress is a linear function of strain.
proportional limit
Max stress possible during a simple tension such that there is no permanent or residual deformation when the load is entirely removed
elastic limit
What does it means when the material is said to be “yielding”?
The material has pass through elastic range and enter the plastic range
The region of the stress-strain curve extending from the origin to the proportional limit is called
elastic range
The region of the stress-strain curve extending from the proportional limit to the point of rupture is called
plastic range
Point at which the material will have an appreciable elongation or yielding without any increase in load.
yield point
What refers to the stress in the material at the elastic limit?
Yield stress
The maximum ordinate in the stress-strain diagram
ultimate strength or tensile strength
Work done on a unit volume of material as the force is gradually increased from the linear range
modulus of resilience
The toughness of a material is its ability to absorb energy without causing it to break.
modulus of toughness
The actual stress of a material under a given loading.
working stress
The maximum safe stress that a material can carry is termed as the _____
allowable stress
Conic Section with eccentricity = 0
circle
Conic Section with eccentricity = 1
parabola
Conic Section with eccentricity > 1
hyperbola
Conic Section with eccentricity < 1
Ellipse
A plane section of a cone depending on whether the angle that the plane makes with the base of the cone
Conic Sections
Locus of a point that moves such that the difference between its distances from two fixed points called the foci is constant.
Hyperbola
Locus of a point that moves such that the sum of its distances from two fixed points called the foci is constant.
Ellipse
Locus of a point that moves such that its distance from a fixed straight line called the directrix is equal to its distance from a fixed point called the focus.
Parabola
Water Refraction Index
n=1.33
Air Refraction Index
n=1
Ice Refraction Index
n=1.309
Rank Refraction Indexes
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Solid>Liquid>Gas
The fleeting of a beam of light which contains several frequencies on passing it through a substance whose refracted index changes with frequency.
Dispersion
Process oo filtering light that only 1, 2 or definite directions are permitted to pass through a polarizer
Polarization
A lens that brings parallel light in to a single real focal point.
Converging lens
Lens that deviate parallel light outward as it originated at a single virtual focal point
Diverging Lens
Analysis and evaluation of the monetary consequences by using the theories and principles of economics to engineering applications, designs and projects
Economic Analysis
What refers to the ratio of interest payment to the principal for a given unit of time and usually expressed as a percentage of the principal?
Interest rate
The actual or exact rate of interest rate earned each year
Effective rate of interest (ERI)
Difference between the future worth of a negotiable paper and its present worth.
Discount
Any tangible economic product that contributes directly or indirectly to the satisfaction of human want
Goods or commodities
Any tangible economic activity that contributes directly or indirectly to the satisfaction of human want
Services
Goods and services that are required to support human life, needs and activities
Necessity
The satisfaction of pleasure derived from the consumer goods and services. The power to satisfy human wants and needs.
Utility
Exchange mechanism that brings together the sellers and the buyers of a product, factor of production or financial security
Market
Amount if property if seller and buyer has equal advantage and zero compulsion to buy.
Market Value
Is what the property is worth to the owner as an operating unit
Utility or Use Value
Is the value usually determined by a disinterested third party in order to establish a price that is fair to both seller and buyer
Fair Value
What do you call the worth of property as shown in the accounting records?
Book value
Is the price that can be obtained from the sale of the property after it has been used
Salvage Value
Value of property if disposed off as junk
Salvage/Scrap Value
The simplest form of business organization
Sole Proprietorship
The profit derived from a project or business enterprise without consideration of obligations to financial contributors and claims of others based on profit is known as _____
Economic return
What refers to the lessening of the value of an asset due to the decrease in the quantity available?
depreciation
The amount of property in which a willing buyer to a willing seller for the property when neither one is under the compulsion to buy nor to sell is called ______.
market value
The certificate of indebtedness of organization usually for a period not less than 10 years and guaranteed by a mortgage on certain assets of a corporation?
bond
Document that shows proof of legal ownership of a financial security
Coupon
“When free competition exists, the price of a product will be that bale where split is equal to the demand”
Law of supply and demand
“When one of the factor of production is fixed in quantity of its difficult to increase, increasing the other factor of production will result in a less than proportionate increase in output”
Law of diminishing return
Form of market structure where the number of suppliers is used to determine the type of the market
Competition
Salvage value is also known as ____
Scrap value
What do you call any particular raw material or primary products such as cloth, wool, floor, coffee and etcetera?
Commodity
Denotes default in the exchange rate of one currency in terms of the others.
exchange rate
The deliberate lowering of the price of a nation’s currency in terms of the accepted standard.
Devaluation
Lands, buildings, plants and machineries are examples of what type of asset?
Fixed asset
Simplest type of business organization owned and controlled by single person.
Sole proprietorship
Business organization owned and controlled by two are more persons.
Bound by a partnership agreement.
Partnership
Business organization owned and controlled by ordinary shareholders.
Capital divided equally between said shareholders.
Corporation
The laws of physics are the same for all observers in any inertial frame of reference relative to one another.
Principle of Relativity
Two events, simultaneous for one observer, may not be simultaneous for another observer if the observers are in relative motion.
Relativity of simultaneity
Moving clocks are measured to tick more slowly than an observer’s “stationary” clock.
Time dilation
E = mc^2 , energy and mass are equivalent and transmutable.
Mass-Energy Equivalence
Sound waves in air are ____
longitudinal
States that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
Ohm’s law
Mirage is due to ___
unequal heating of different parts of
atmosphere
Intensity of sound at a point is ________ its distance from the source
inversely proportional to square of
Of the four locations mentioned below the highest inside temperature will be attained in the pressure cooker operated with the pressure valve open.
a. at sea level
b. at the top of Mt. Everest
c. at a place below sea level
d. in an aeroplane flying at a height of 10km with inside pressure maintained at the sea level
c. at a place below sea level
It takes much longer to cook food in the hills than in the plains, because _____
in the hills the atmospheric pressure is lower than that in the plains and therefore water boils at a temperature lower than 100
Mercury is commonly used as a thermodynamic fluid rather than water because ____
mercury has greater visibility than water
