DAT Destroyer Gen Chem Flashcards
what is molar mass
the Grams/Moles of a substance
what does an increase in number of dissolved particles do to freezing and boiling points
more particles = lower freezing point
and higher boiling point
what is something to consider when evaluating solubility
the common ion effect
What are diamagnetic elements
ones that all of the electron spins are paired
what happens in the electrolysis of water
Electricity is passed through water
O2 and H2 are produced ( 2H moles per O mole)
O2 at the anode, H2 at the cathode
What are the physical states of Cl2, W, K, Pb, Hg, Br2, and Sb at 25 degrees celcius
Cl2 is a gas
HG and Br2 are liquids
W, K, Pb, Sb are solids
what is molecular mass
how much one mole weighs (g/mol)
when is the standard enthalpy of formation = 0 (with 1 atm and at 25 degrees celcius)
when you are working with pure elements of diatomic molecules in their most stable form
What is the most stable forms of Cl2 I2 H2 Br2 H2O at standard temp and pressure
Cl2 and H2 are gases
I2 is a solid
Br2 and H2O are liquids
what is the melting point of ionic compounds
they are usually high melting point solids
Which is stronger network or molecular solids
network (diamonds)
Can you get the rate law from a balanced equation?
nope, it must be figured out experimentally
What does Ksp mean for solubility
the higher the Ksp, the higher the solubility
What kinds of things are very soluble in NH3 and why
compounds with transition metals, because they form complexes with the NH3
How much of the human body is made up of oxygen
65%
is the Si-O bond weak or strong
very strong
how does metallic character change across the periodic table
it is the highest in the bottom left
which usually has higher melting points metals or non metals
metals
how do you know which molecules in a gas move the fastest
the lightest ones move the fastest
When at STP how do you know which gas in the most dense
the one with the highest mass
what defines a redox reaction
a change in oxidation number
what are three types of elemental carbon
diamonds
graphite
buckminsterfullerene
what is group one called, two called
alkali
alkaline earth metals
what is the henderson hasselbach equation for buffers
pH = pKa + log (salt/acid)
should you add water to acid or acid to water
acid to water, because it is a violently exothermic reaction and can splash out if you add water to acid
What ions can As produce
+3
-3
+5
how do you balance redox reactions
- separate the two equations
- balance O’s with H2O
- balance H’s with H+
- balance charges with e-‘s
- combine reactions to cancel out e-‘s
do ionic compounds form individual molecules
nope, they just form crystals
aside from electronegativity what can make substances polar
if they have uneven electron pairs
do all molecules in an ideal gas have the same kinetic energy at constant temperature
nope
what are dessicators used for
to prevent the uptake of moisture
what are some insolubility clues
Ag, Hg, Pb are all likely unsoluble
BaSO4 and CaCO3, CaOH are unsoluble
