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Anatomy > D1 anatomy test 4 > Flashcards

D1 anatomy test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the pectoral girdle

A

clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

superficial muscles of the shoulder consist of…

A

trapezius and deltoid muscle

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3
Q

name the bone that connects the upper limb to the body

A

clavicle

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4
Q

which end of the clavicle is larger?

A

sternal end. It articulates with manubrium and first costal cartilage

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5
Q

where is the conoid tuberble on the clavicle?

A

inferior lateral 3rd surface

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6
Q

what attaches to the conoid tubercle and the trapezoid line?

A

coracoclavicular ligament.

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7
Q

the scapula has how many angles, borders, surfaces, and processes?

A

angles-3, borders-3, surfaces-2

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8
Q

what 2 components make up the glenohumoral joint?

A

glenoid cavity, and head of the humerus

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9
Q

what is the infraglenoid tubercle

A

inferior to glenoid cavity and attaches long head of triceps brachii

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10
Q

what is the supraglenoid tubercle

A

attachment for long head of biceps brachii

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11
Q

which border is thicker and why?

A

lateral border is thicker for muscle attachment

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12
Q

greater and lesser tubercles are for what?

A

muscle attachment for the rotator cuff muscles

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13
Q

greater tubercles facets are for what

A

superior facet- supraspinatus muscle, middle facet- infraspinatus muscle, inferior facet- teres minor muscle

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14
Q

what attaches to the lesser tubercle?

A

subscapularis muslce

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15
Q

medial lip of intertubercular groove is for what?

A

attachment for teres major, and latissimus dorsi

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16
Q

lateral lip of intertubercular groove is for what?

A

for coracobrachialis muscle, and pectoralis major

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17
Q

what passes posterior to surgical neck of humerus?

A

axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery. The neck often fractures and causes problems

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18
Q

Trapezius OII

A

origin: superior nuchal line, external occipiatal protuberance, medial margin of the ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12. Insertion: superior edge of crest of scapular spine, acromion, posterior border of lateral ⅓ of clavicle. Innervation: motor part of accessory nerve XI, sensory anterior rami of C3, C4

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19
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin: inferior edge of crest of spine of scapula, lateral margin of acromion, anterior border of lateral ⅓ of clavicle. Insertion: deltoid tuberosity. Innervation: axillary nerve

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20
Q

Levator scapulae OOI

A

Origin: transverse processes C1-C2, transverse processes of C3-C4. Insertion: medial border of scapula. Innervation: anterior rami C3-C4 and dorsal scapular nerve.

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21
Q

what muscles attach the scapula to the vertebral column?

A

levator scapulae, rhomboid major/ minor

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22
Q

rhomboid minor Oii

A

Minor originates from lower end of ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T1. Insertion: medial border near spine of scapula

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23
Q

rhomboid major

A

Originates: spines of T2-T5 . Insertion: medial border of scapula below the spine.

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24
Q

what innervates the rhomboid muslces?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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25
Q

name the muscles of the posterior scapular region

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, long head of triceps brachii

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26
Q

what muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

supra/infraspinatus muscles, teres minor

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27
Q

supraspinatus muscle OOI

A

Origin- medial ⅔ of supraspinous fossa. Insertion- Superior facet of greater tubercle. innervation- suprascapular nerve

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28
Q

infraspinatus muscle OII

A

Origin- medial ⅔ of infraspinous fossa. Insertion- middle facet of posterior surface of greater tubercle. Innervation- suprascapular nerve

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29
Q

Teres minor OII

A

Teres minor- Origin: upper ⅔ of flat bone on posterior surface of scapula. Insertion: inferior facet of posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus. Innervation: Axillary nerve

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30
Q

teres major OII

A

oval area on posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula. Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove. Innervation: inferior subscapular nerve.

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31
Q

Long head of triceps brachii

A

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle. Insertion: olecranon of ulna.

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32
Q

suprascapular artery

A

branch from thyrocervical trunk; supplies supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

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33
Q

posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

originates from 3rd part of axillary artery. Leaves the axilla in quadrangular space in posterior wall and enters posterior scapular region. It supplies related muscles and glenohumeral joint.

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34
Q

circumflex scapular artery

A

branch of subscapular artery, originates from 3rd part of axillary artery in axilla, anastomoses with other arteries in its region.

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35
Q

what makes the axilla?

A

clavicle, scapula, upper thoracic wall, humerus, and related muscles

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36
Q

why is the axilla important?

A

everything going in and out of the arm passes through here

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37
Q

medial, anterior, posterior margins of axillary inlet

A

medial- lateral border of rib 1
anterior margin- posterior surface of clavicle
posterior margin- superior border of scapula up to coracoid process

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38
Q

name the main artery/ vein that support the upper limbs

A

subclavian artery and vein. The vein is inform of the artery which is in from of the brachial plexus

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39
Q

what separates the axillary vein and artery?

A

insertion of anterior scalene muscle

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40
Q

pectoralis major OII

A

Origin:medial ½ of clavicle, sternocostal head, anterior sternum, 1st 7 costal cartilages. Insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular groove. Innervation: medial, lateral pectoral nerves

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41
Q

Pectoralis minor OII

A

Origin: anterior surface and superior border of ribs 3-5. Insertion: coracoid process of scapula. Innervation: medial pectoral nerve.

42
Q

subclavius

A

Origin:junction of rib and cartilage of rib 1. Insertion: Groove on inferior surface of clavicle. Innervation: nerve to subclavius.

43
Q

what makes the anterior wall of axilla?

A

pectoralis major & minor, subclavius, clavipectoral fascia

44
Q

what makes the lateral wall of axilla?

A

intertuburcular sulcus

45
Q

what makes the posterior wall of axilla?

A

subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head of triceps brachii

46
Q

what makes the floor?

A

skin of armpit

47
Q

what makes the medial wall?

A

upper thoracic wall, serratus anterior muscle

48
Q

what is the triangular space?

A

communication area between axilla and posterior scapular region

49
Q

what makes the triangular space?

A

formed by medial margin of long head of biceps brachii, superior margin of teres major, and inferior margin of teres minor.

50
Q

what passes through the triangular space?

A

circumflex scapular artery and vein pass into this space

51
Q

what forms the triangular interval?

A

lateral margin of long head of triceps brachii, shaft of humerus, inferior margin of teres major

52
Q

what passes through the triangular interval?

A

radial nerve

53
Q

what passes through the axilla?

A

biceps brachii and coracobrachialis

54
Q

biceps brachii

A

Origin: long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; short head: coracoid process of scapula. Insertion: tuberosity of radius. Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

55
Q

what holds the long head in the intertubercular groove?

A

transverse humeral ligament

56
Q

coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process of scapula. Insertion: medial roughening of midshaft of humerus. Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve.

57
Q

pathway of axillary artery

A

sublcavian to axillary at rib 1 to brachial at teres major

58
Q

what muscle separates the axillary artery into 3 segments?

A

pectoralis minor

59
Q

proximal to pectoralis minor

A

superior thoracic artery originates here. It supplies the upper regions of medial and anterior axillary walls

60
Q

posterior to pectoralis minor 1st part

A

thoraco-acromial- ( 4 branches pectoral, deltoid, clavicular, acromial) these supply anterior axillary wall

61
Q

posterior to pectoralis minor 2nd part

A

lateral thoracic artery- supplies medial and anterior walls of axilla ( in woman branches of this supply the breasts)

62
Q

distal to the pectoralis minor part

A

3 main arteries- subscapular, anterior circumflex humeral, posterior circumflex humeral

63
Q

subscapular

A

largest of axillary inlet. supplies posterior wall of axilla and divides into 2 terminal branches

64
Q

1st terminal branch of subscapular artery

A

circumflex scapular artery. Passes through triangular space and origin of teres minor. Anastamoses with suprascapular artery and deep branch of transverse cervical artery .

65
Q

2nd terminal branch of subscapular artery

A

thoracodorsal artery- follows lateral border of scapula to inferior angle, It supplies the posterior and medial walls of axilla

66
Q

Anterior circumflex humeral artery

A

smaller than posterior circumflex. supplies branches of surrounding tissues like glenohumeral joint and head of humerus

67
Q

posterior circumflex humeral a.

A

leaves axilla and passes through quadrangular space. anastomoses with anterior circumflex humeral a.

68
Q

axillary vein

A

basilica to axillary at teres major to subclavian at rib 1

69
Q

what does the axillary vein drain?

A

lateral posteromedial hand

70
Q

cephalic vein drains what

A

lateral posterior parts of hand, forearm, and arm ( commonly used for IV’s

71
Q

what is the brachial plexus

A

somatic plexus formed by anterior rami of C5-C8 &T1

72
Q

roots of the brachial plexus

A

Anterior rami of C5-C8 &T1, gray rami carry postganglionic sympathetic fibers, Pass between middle and anterior scalene muscles

73
Q

brachial plexus trunks

A

superior-C5-C6
middle-C7
inferior-C8 &T1

74
Q

divisions

A

each trunk divides into anterior and posterior divisions,

75
Q

what do these divisions give rise to?

A

anterior- give rise to nerves associated to anterior arm/forearm,
posterior- give rise to nerves associated with posterior arm/forearm

76
Q

what are the 3 cords related to?

A

2nd part of the axillary artery

77
Q

lateral cord

A

union of anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks. So contributions of C5-C7.

78
Q

medial cord

A

from the anterior division of inferior trunk. C8-T1

79
Q

posterior cord

A

union from all three posterior divisions. It contains contributions from all roots of the brachial plexus C5-T1

80
Q

what 2 nerves branch directly from the roots of the brachial plexus?

A

dorsal scapular and long thoracic nerves

81
Q

dorsal scapular nerve

A

originates from C5 and often pierces the middle scalene muscle. It innervates the rhomboid major and minor muslces

82
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

originates from C5-C7, supplies serratus anterior muscle

83
Q

which trunk is the only one with branches?

A

superior ( suprascapular nerve & nerve to subclavius)

84
Q

suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

A

passes through posterior triangle of neck and suprascapular foramen to enter the posterior scapular region. Innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

85
Q

nerve to subclavius (C5,C6)

A

passes over subclavius artery to innervate subclavius muscle

86
Q

lateral cord branches

A

lateral pectoral nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, and lateral root of the median nerve

87
Q

lateral pectoral nerve

A

most proximal of the 3 and innervates pectoralis major

88
Q

musculocutaneous nerve

A

innervates all flexor muscles in the anterior compartment. It terminates as the lateral cutaneous nerve

89
Q

lateral root of the median nerve

A

largest of 3. helps form the median nerve

90
Q

branches of the medial cord

A

medial pectoral nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of arm, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, medial root of median nerve, ulnar nerve.

91
Q

medial pectoral nerve

A

most proximal, supplies pectoralis minora and major

92
Q

medial cutaneous nerve of arm

A

supplies skin over medial side of distal 1/3 of arm. Inn the axilla the nerve communicates with the intercosobrachial nerve of T2

93
Q

Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm

A

supplies skin over anterior surface of forearm . It innervates the skin over medial surface of the forearm down to the wrist

94
Q

medial root of the median nerve

A

joins with similar root from lateral cord to form the median nerve anterior to the 3rd part of axillary artery

95
Q

ulnar nerve

A

large terminal branch of medial cord. innervates all intrinsic muscles of hand

96
Q

median nerve

A

originates from lateral and medial cords of brachial plexus. It innervates most of the muscles in the aanterior compartment of forearm ( except for carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus)

97
Q

j

A

j

98
Q

k

A

kl

99
Q

l

A

l

100
Q

l

A

l

101
Q

l

A

l

102
Q

l

A

a

Anatomy (13 decks)

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