Cycle 1 (Workshop + Study Session)) Flashcards
True or False:
Viruses are on the tree of life
False, viruses are not on the tree of life
Can viruses reproduce on their own?
No, viruses cannot reproduce on their own
Viruses must infect a ____ (____) in order to replicate
Cell
Host
Define:
Retrovirus
Viruses made of RNA that uses RT (reverse transcriptase) to convert their RNA to DNA
Viruses require ____ _________ for __________
Host machinery
Metabolism
Define:
Spillover Event
Diseases that were originally present in non-human animals and transferred to humans
HIV is a ________ disease
Zoonotic disease
Why are spillover events more harmful for the new host?
They are more harmful for the new species as they have resided in the old host for longer
Where are spillover events more likely to occur?
Spillover events are more likely to occur between closely related species
Why is it hard to eradicate viruses?
Since viruses are obligate parasites, they rely on host cell for reproduction, meaning that targeting the virus would likely harm the host cell, and cause even more damage to the host organism
True or False:
HIV has a low mutation rate
False
Why does HIV have a high mutation rate?
HIV relies on reverse transcriptase to convert RNA to DNA, which produces lots of errors
What is AZT?
A base analog of thymidine (T base), where 3’ OH is 3’ N3 instead
How does AZT HIV treatment work?
AZT blocks DNA elongation and stops action of reverse transcriptase
True or False:
AZT Treatment is not a good long-term treatment for HIV
True
