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07_Pharmacology > CVS Drugs > Flashcards

CVS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonics: Toxicities of thiazides

A

Hyper GLUC

Glycemia, Lipidemia, Uricemia, Calcemia

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2
Q

Drug class and MOA of Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl transporter to TAL of loop of Henle

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3
Q

Acid base balance of loop diuretics

A

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

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4
Q

Loop diuretic that is not sulfur-derivative

A

Ethacrynic acid

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5
Q

Mnemonics: Toxicities of loop diuretics

A

OH DANG!
Ototoxicity, Hypokalemia
DHN, Allergy to sulfa, Nephritis, Gout

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6
Q

What drugs are used to control HTN in pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine or labetalol

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7
Q

Mnemonics:

Medications that can cause drug-induced lupus

A

It’s HIPP to have LUPUS

Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Penicillamine

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8
Q

Drug class & MOA of verapamil

A

Non-dihydropyridine CCB

Blocks voltage-gated L-type Ca channels (Cardiac > Vascular)

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9
Q

Common SE of Verapamil/ Nifedipine

A

Constipation and edema

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10
Q

Mnemonics: drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia

A

Napa-Ca Pangit ng gingiVa Mo

Nifedipine, Cyclosporine, Phenytoin, Verapamil

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11
Q

Drug class & MOA of Nifedipine

A

Dihydropyridine CCB

Blocks voltage-gated L-type Ca channels (Vascular> Cardiac)

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12
Q

Why are patients with DM nephropathy treated with ACEi

A

dec albumin excretion and slow progression from micro -> macroalbuminuria

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13
Q

Why do patients taking angiotensin antagonists develop hyperk?

A

reduced aldosterone levels -> K retention

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14
Q

Effects of electrolyte imbalance on ECG:

K, Ca

A

HyperK: peaked T waves
HypoK: T wave inversion

HyperCa: dec PR interval
HypoCa: inc PR interval

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15
Q

Which portion of the ETC is affected by cyanide?

A

Complex IV (cytochrome oxidase)

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16
Q

What is the antidote for cyanide poisoning?

A

Lilly cyanide kit: inhaled amyl nitrite + IV sodium nitrite + IV Na thiosulfate

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17
Q

DOC for Prinzmental angina

A

Dlitiazem

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18
Q

Most common ECG change in Digoxin toxicity is

A

premature ventricular function

19
Q

Mnemonics: Drugs that have narrow therapeutic index

A

WALA na Cyang Papa! VasTED na!

Warfarin
Aminoglycosides
Lithium
Amphotericin B

Phenobarbital
Phenytoin

Vancomycin
Theophylline
Digoxin

20
Q

What drugs have been shown to improve survival in cases of heart failure?

A

ABA! Buhay ka pa!

ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Aldosterone antagonists

21
Q

MOA of Sacubitril

A

inhibits the enzyme Neprilysin (responsible for degradation of ANP/BNP), and bradykinin

22
Q

What are the effects of class I antiarrhythmics on action potential duration

A

Class IA: prolongs AP duration
Class IB: shortens AP duration
Class IC: no effect on AP duration

23
Q

Mnemonics: Class IA Antiarrhythmics

A

I am the QUEEN who PROclaimed DISO’s pyramid

Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide

24
Q

Treatment of class IA overdose

A

Sodium lactate and pressor sympathomimetics

25
Q

DOC for ventricular arrhytmias post MI

26
Q

Mnemonics: Class IB Antiarrhythmics

A

I buy MEXIcan Tacos from Liliy

Mexiletine, Tocainide, Lidocaine

27
Q

Mnemonics: Drugs that cause agranulocytosis

A

Agranulocytosis! CCCAPPIT Me!

Clozapine, Co-trimoxazole, Colchicine 
Aminopyrine
Phenylbutazone, PTU 
Indomethacin 
Tocainide 
Methimazole
28
Q

Mnemonics: Class 1C Antiarrhythmics

A

Chicken ay Pagkain for Enrico

1C: Propafenone, Flecainide, Encainide
1C is contraindicated post MI

29
Q

Nonselective B blockers

A

Propranolol, Timolol

30
Q

Beta-1 selective B blockers

A

Acebutolol, Betaxolol, Esmolol, Atenolol, Metoprolol

31
Q

Partial agonists B blocker

A

Pindolol, Acebutolol

32
Q

B blockers lacking anesthetic effect

33
Q

B blocker with low lipid solubility

34
Q

Mnemonics: Class 3 antiarrhythmics

A

AIDS

Amiodarone, Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Sotalol

35
Q

Mnemonics: Amiodarone Toxicity

A

PPT TCS

Pulmonary fibrosis, Paresthesia, Tremors, Thyroid dysfunction, Corneal deposits, Skin deposits

36
Q

Why are dihydropyrine CCBs not useful as antiarrhythmics?

A

evokes compensatory sympathetic discharge which facilitates arrhythmias rather than terminating them

37
Q

DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

38
Q

Mnemonics: K+ sparing diuretics

A

The K STAEs (stays) with K sparing diuretics

Spironolactone, Triamterene, Amiloride, Eplerenone

39
Q

Mnemonics: Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?

A

Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers

Spironolactone, Digoxin, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole

40
Q

Mnemonics: Bile acid binding resins

*you should not give ti people with high TGs

A

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam

41
Q

Mnemonics: Drugs that cause flushing?

A

VANC

Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, CCB

42
Q

DOC for Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Gemfibrozil

43
Q

Mnemonics for Fibrates MOA

A

FULL

Fibrates upregulate Lipoprotein lipase

07_Pharmacology (13 decks)

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