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07_Pharmacology > CNS Drugs > Flashcards

CNS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of benzo vs barbiturates

A

FRENzodiazepine: FREquency
BarbiDURates: DURation

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2
Q

What abn sleep pattern results from the use of BDZ?

A

Decreased REM sleep

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3
Q

Most effective drug for stopping status epilepticus attacks

A

Diazepam

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4
Q

BDZ longest half life

A

Chlordiazepoxide

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5
Q

DOC seizures in infants

A

Phenobarbital

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6
Q

What is the most catastrophic symptom of sedative-hypnotic withdrawal?

A

Rebound suicide

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7
Q

Mnemonics: Zolpidem

A

Zzzzzz

Zolpidem, Zaleplon = Zleep DO

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8
Q

Mnemonics: Buspirone

A

Buspirone for Busy People (Always anxious)

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9
Q

Mnemonics: Delirium tremens

A

HAD 48
Hallucinations, Autonomic instability, Delirium
48-72 h post discontinuation

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10
Q

DOC delirium tremens

A

Long-acting DBZ: Diazepam

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11
Q

DOC opioid overdose

A

Naloxone

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12
Q

DOC opioid dependence and chronic alcoholism

A

Naltrexone

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13
Q

Mnemonics: What drugs can use dislufiram rxn?

A 
Clara took the Pre-medical Test in PM 
Chlorpropamide 
Cefo-Perazone, Mandole, Tetan 
Procarbazine
Metronidazole
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14
Q

DOC for GTC/ partial seizures

A

Phenytoin

Carbamazepine

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15
Q

DOC Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Carbamazepine

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16
Q

DOC for bipolar DO

A

Valproic acid

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17
Q

DOC absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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18
Q

ASD with the greatest no of MOA

A

Topimarate

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19
Q

The higher the MAC, the ___ potent of inhaled anesthetics

A

less

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20
Q

The lower the blood:gas partition coefficient is, the ___ the rate of induction/recovery will be

A

faster

eg. NO, desflurane

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21
Q

Lowest potency (highest MAC) and least cardiotoxic among the inhalational anesthetics

A

NO

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22
Q

Only inhaled anesthetic that inc CBF -> inc ICP

A

NO

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23
Q

inhalational anesthetic with SE of coronary steal syndrome

A

Isoflurane

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24
Q

inhalational anesthetic with the highest propensity to cause hepatitis

A

Halothane

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25
Q

Highest potency, lowest MAC among inhalational anesthetics

A

Methoxyflurane

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26
Q

Induction agent of choice for unstable px with min cardipulmonary reserve

A

Etomidate

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27
Q

Antidote to fentanyl

A

Naloxone

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28
Q

IV anesthetic induction of choice

A

Propofol

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29
Q

Mnemonics for IV anesthetics

A

the mighty king proposes to Oprah

-thiopental, midazolam, ketamine, propofol, opioids

30
Q

Mnemonics: Local Anesthetics

A

Esters: 1i-procaine, benzocaine
Amides: 2is-bupivacaine, ropivacaine, lidocaine

31
Q

Mnemonics: half-life of local anesthetics

A

Procaine: shortest (PRO finishes fast)
Ropivacaine: longest (long ROPe)

32
Q

Why would you not inject local anesthetics into an abscess during I and D?

A

Lidocaine won’t work in an acidic environment (below pKa= charged form will predominate) -> can’t cross cell membrane and exert its action

33
Q

Antidote for local anesthetic systemic toxicity

A

Intralipid

34
Q

All local anesthetics are vasodilators EXCEPT

A

cocaine

35
Q

Components of EMLA

A

Eutectic mixture of Local anesthetics

2.5% prilocaine, 2.5% lidocaine

36
Q

undergoes Hoffman elimination yielding Laudanosine -> seizures

A

Atracurium

37
Q

3 NMBs considered as DOC for hemodynamically compromised patients

A

Cisatracurium, vecuronium, rocuronium

38
Q

2Rs of Rocuronium?

A

Renal and rapid

-good for renal px, rapid onset of action

39
Q

novel chemical antagonist to rocuronium

A

Suggamadex

40
Q

Drugs used in lethal injection

A

Thiopental (5g)
Pancuronium (100mg)
KCl (100 mEq)

41
Q

Mnemonics: Parkison Disease

A

It’s a TRAP

Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability

42
Q

DOC Parkinson Dse

A

Levodopa-Carbidopa

43
Q

Mnemonics: Drugs causing livedo reticularis

A

A man reads FHM and GQ

-Amantadine, Hydroxyurea, Minocycline, Gemcitabine, Quinidine

44
Q

Hard/Positive symptoms of psychosis

A

Hallucination, Illusion, Delusion, Excitement, Suspiciousness

45
Q

The only antipsychotic with fatal overdose

A

Thioridazone

46
Q

Has the most muscarinic blockade and has least EPS

A

Thioridazone

47
Q

Mnemonic: ocular complications of antipsychotics

A

Chlorpropamide: corneal and lens deposit
ThioRidazine: Retinal deposits

48
Q

Causes the most EPS and neuroleptic malignant sx of all typical anti-psychotics

A

Haloperidol

49
Q

DOC for refractory and suicidal schizophrenia

A

Clozapine

50
Q

Prototype of all antipsychotics

A

Chlorpromazine

51
Q

Prototype of atypicals

A

Clozapine

52
Q

2 atypicals with highest tendency to cause weight gain

A

Obesity

ClOzapine and Olanzapine

53
Q

Only antipsychotic that reduces risk for suicide

A

Clozapine

54
Q

Atypicals that are least likely to cause tardive dyskinesia

A

Quetiapine and Clozapine

55
Q

Why is Clozapine not associated with EPS

A

bec it blocks the D2C receptor pathway (mesocortical mesolimbic area) not the D2A (nigrostriatal pathway)

56
Q

Mnemonics: Quetiapine

A

Quetiapine: inc in quiet time

57
Q

with highest propensity for causing hyperPRL among atypicals

A

Risperidone

58
Q

Only antipsychotic approved for schizophrenia in youth

A

Risperidone

59
Q

has the greatest risk for QT prolongation among atypicals

A

Ziprasidone

60
Q

Mnemonics: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A

FEVER

-fever, encephalopathy, vitals unstable, elevated CPK, rigidity

61
Q

Mnemonics: SE of lithium

A

LITHIUM

-low thyroid hormone, heart (ebstein anomaly), inspididus (nephrogenic DI), unintentional mve (tremors)

62
Q

DOC for major depressive DO

A

Fluoxetine

63
Q

Mnemonics: Erectile dysfunction

A

A SORE PeniS can’t Fuck Hard

  • SSRIs, opiates, risperidone, ethanol, estrogen
  • propranolol, spironolactone, finasteride, HCTZ
64
Q

Mnemonics: Features of Serotonin syndrome

A

FAT CHD

  • fever, agitation, tremor
  • clonus, hyperreflexia, diaphoresis
65
Q

What drugs can cause priapism

A

TIGAS PeniS Qo, AyaW Bumaba!

  • trazodone, papaverine, sildenafil, quetiapine
  • alprostadil, warfarin, bupropion
66
Q

Antidepressants not associated with sexual dysfunction

A

Mirtazapine, Bupripion, Nefazodone

67
Q

Mnemonics: Releasers of NE from presynaptoc vesicles

A

TAE

-tyramine, amphetamine, ephedrine

68
Q

Which opioids have the shortest and longest half life

A

Remifentanil= shortest (3-4 mins)

Buprenorphine=longest (4-8 hrs)

69
Q

Prototype opioid

A

Morphine

70
Q

MnemonicL Morphine SE

A

MORPHINE

-miosis, out of it, resp dep, pruritus, hypotension headache, in freq, nausea, emesis

71
Q

Side effects of opioids with minimal or no tolerance

A

Miosis, constipation, convulsion

72
Q

Mnemonics: Cocaine Intoxication

A

Cocaine: mydriasis

07_Pharmacology (13 decks)

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