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07_Pharmacology > Basic Principles > Flashcards

Basic Principles Flashcards

1
Q

most important limiting factor for permeation

A

lipid diffusion

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2
Q

Through whivh blood vessels do drugs administered SL pass before reaching the heart?

A

lingual vein ➝ IJV ➝ brachiocephalic (innominate) vein ➝ SVC ➝ RA

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3
Q

Type of antagonist

NE and phenoxybenzamine

A

non comp/ irrevesible

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4
Q

Type of antagonist

histamine and epi

A

physiologic

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5
Q

Type of antagonist

propranolol and TH

A

physiologic

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6
Q

Type of antagonist

dimercaprol for lead poisoning

A

chemical

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7
Q

Type of antagonist

pralidoxime for organophoshate poisoning

A

chemical

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8
Q

idiosyncratic response to chloramphenicol

A

aplastic anemia

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9
Q

idiosyncratic response to allopurinol

A

cataracts

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10
Q

half life formula

A

(0.693 x Vd) /Clearance

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11
Q

teratogenic effect of ACE inhibitors

A

fetal renal damage

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12
Q

teratogenic effect of antiepileptic drugs

A

neural tube defects

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13
Q

teratogenic effect of phenytoin

A

fetal hydantoin syndrome

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14
Q

teratogenic effect of oral hypoglycemic agents

A

neonatal hypoglycemia

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15
Q

teratogenic effect of barbiturates

A

neonatal dependence

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16
Q

teratogenic effect of DES

A

vaginal clear cell CA

17
Q

teratogenic effect of lithium

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

18
Q

teratogenic effect of isotretinoin

A

craniofacial malformations

19
Q

teratogenic effect of iodide

A

congenital hypothyroidism

20
Q

teratogenic effect of misoprostol

A

Mobius sequence

21
Q

teratogenic effect of penicillamine

A

cutis laxa

22
Q

teratogenic effect of tetracycline

A

tooth discoloration

23
Q

teratogenic effect of methimazole

A

aplasia cutis congenita

24
Q

teratogenic effect of sulfonamides

A

kernicterus

25
Q

teratogenic effect of fluoroquinolones

A

cartilage damage

26
Q

teratogenic effect of warfarin

A

1st: chondroysplasia
2nd: CNS malformations
3rd: bleeding diathesis

27
Q

in vitro test for mutagenicity

A

Ames test

  • uses a special strain of Salmonella
  • loss of dependence ➝ mutation
28
Q

in vivo test for mutagenicity

A

dominant lethal test

29
Q

clinical phase trial?

is it safe? pharmacokinetics? 20-100 subjects

A

Phase 1

30
Q

clinical phase trial?

does i work in patients? 100-200 patients

A

Phase 2

31
Q

clinical phase trial?

does it work, double blind? 1000-6000 patients

A

Phase 3

07_Pharmacology (13 decks)

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