CVS 17 Flashcards
gastroenteritits in cruise ships and daycare
norovirus
calcivirus
norovirus ICOSAHEDRAL
RNA non enveloped virus
CPRH Calci Picorna Reo Hep E
Picorna virus includes
PERCH Polio Echo Rhino Cxsackie Hep A
NON enveloped DNA
PAPP Parvo Adeno Papilloma Polyoma
Corona virus
common cold SARS
Delta cirus
HEP D —- defective virus
how does hep b help hep D
helps hep D to invade and replicate
forms the EXTERNAL shell of HEP D
HBsAG forms the coat
two forms of infections by HEP D
co infection —- B + D together
Suprainfection — previosuly infected hepatocytes get inf with HEP B
mode of HEP D transmission
sexual
perinatal
R/O HCC
which hepatitis virus dont increase risk for HCC
HEP A and E
Hepatitis A belongs to
Picorna virus — RNA
feco oral route —- shell fish too
shell fish can be linked with
hep A
v. cholera
clostridium sepcticum
hep A incubation and risk factors
short 30 days travellers overcrowded areas/ poor sanitation endemic regions homosexual men chronic liver disease clotting factor disorders
biopsy of hep A liver
swelling of hepatocytes
macrophages and lymphocytes (CD8 T cells)
councilman bodies — apoptotic bodies
vaccine for hep a
yess
also give immuniglobulins
special about HEP B
has a reverse trasncriptase activity
transcriptional activator made by hep B
HBX it is a viral protein interferes with p53 function activates synthesis of IGF 1 receptor (proliferation) and insulin like growth factor 2
early onset of hep b symtoms
fever
arthralgia
rash
SERUM SICKNESS
syndromes tha tcan be cuased by HEP B
acute Hep b —- cn resolve
chronic hepatitis — with / without cirrhosis
massive liver necrosis —- fulminant hepatitis
Hbs ag
acute infection
chronic infection with inc infectivity and also with decreased infectivity
Hbs AB
immunized
recovery
HBe ag
acute
chronic high infectivity
HBe ab
recovery
WINDOW
chronic LOW infectivity
HB c Ab
recovery
marker of Hep B infection
surface antigen
mother has active hep B
what will be seen in the neonates blood
HB e ag
INC viral load
can cross placenta
these babies are mostly asymptomatic —- can progress to cirrhosis and HCC
txt for neonates with hepb mothers
vaccine can be given
immunoglobulins can be given tooo
PREVENT CHRONIC INFECTION
biopsy of hep B
T CELL CD 8 mediated apoptosis — ag is presented on teh suface of hepatocytes MHC 1
ground glass app
hep B itself has no cytotoxic effect
what has this effect
surface antigen
core antigen
chronic viral hepatitis inflammation
mainly targets surrounding area of portal triad
hepatic artery
portal vein
bile ducts
how to reduce worldwide cases of HCC
HEP B VACCINE
lacks 3’5 exonuclease activity
HEP C
proof reading activity — HC e Ag
this is why no vaccine —- antigenic variation cause envelope antigen is always changing
biopsy of hep c shows
macrovesicular STEATOSIS
lymphoid aggregates portal tracts
PATCHY necrosis
Hepatitis E
non enveloped
fulminant hepatitis in pregnant mothers
inflammation of LIVER parenchyma can be caused by
EBV
CMV
HEP
Flavivirus
HCV dengue yellow st louis encephalitis west nile virus zika virus
dengue fever symptoms
flu like illness myalgia joint pain (break bone fever) RETRO ORBITAL PAIN rash ------ white island in sea of red
All RNA are single straded EXCEPT
REO virus
colitivirus —- colarado tick fever
rotavirus —- fatal diarrhea
All DNA are double stranded EXCEPT
parvo —- single stranded
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
thrombocytopenia increased vascular permeabillity increase risk of bleeding SHOCK hypotension
secondary infection of dengue
usually by a diffff serotype
much more severe course of disease
diagnosis of dengue
torniquet test — cuff inflammation for 5 mins —– PETECHIA
NS1 antigen
simultaneous infections with dengue
CHIKUNGUNYA
ZIKA
West nile virus grows mostly in
birds and warm climate
west nile transmission
aedes mosquito
west nile mannifestation
myalgia
headache
progress — meningitis / encephalitis
neurological deficits
flaccid paralysis
neurological deficits can be lethal — stay LONG TERM
developing countries — flaccid paralysis makes u think of
polio
which viral infection can show parkinson like features too
west nile
arbovirus vector transmits
west nile ( flavi)
la cross virus
east/west equine (toga)
st. louis encephalopathy (flavi)
risk factors that lead to west nile infection
malignancy
immune supp
elderly
CSF analysis in West nile virus
lymphocytic pleocytosis
YEllow fever reservoir
monkeys
flavivirus
mannifestation of flavi
black vomitus
jaundice
destructive apoptotic bodies —- councilman bodies
zika virus
flavivirus
infects FETAL NEURAL PROGENITOR cells
severe congenital malformations — microencephaly, miscarriages, congenital contractures joint
cortical thinning
transmission, diag and txt for zika
sexual / vertical tx
diag —- RT PCR
no txt —- lethal
filo virus
EBOLA
targets ENDOTHELIAL cells!!
Liver —- incubation for 3 weeks
sympmtoms of ebola
flu like myalgia fever vomitting hemorrhagic shock DIC
reservoir – monkey, body fluids
how to protect onself from ebola in healthcare env
strict isolation of infected
Picorna virus
PERCH Polio Echo Rhino Coxsackie Hep A
Polio
ant horn — LMN symptoms
what type of polio vaccines are there
LIVE —– sabin — oral
KILLED —- salk —-
anterior horn can be affected in which conditions
polio
West nile virus (flavi)
werdng hoffman synd
spinal muscular dystrophy
Live vaccinations examples
strong life long immunity Polio Rotavirus MMR VZV yellow fever influenza (intranasal) small pox typhoid BCG adenovirus
which live vaccine can be givin in HIV pts
> 200 CD4
MMR and varicella
killed vaccine
RIPA Rabies Influenza (IM) Polio ( SALK) AHEP A
what kind of resp induced by killed vac
humoral only
ag is present on the extracellular surface so cant elicit a t cell resp
prevents viral entry inside cell so cant be presented by APC —- need boosters
sub unit vaccines
Ag Hbs Ag HPV (high risk) Str pneumo Nisseria H. influenza
conjugate vaccine
polysaccharide PLUS PROTEIN — stronger resposne (T CELL)
H.inf
N,meningitidis
str pneumo
toxoid vaccine
diptheria
tetanus
whooping cough
what is a toxoid vaccine
denatured toxin pf bacteria BUT INTACT receptor that can bind to antibodies
echovirus
from picronavirus
cause aseptic meningitis
coxsackie virus
picornavirus
