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cvs 16 Flashcards

1
Q

adenosine deaminase inhibitor

A

cladribine
pentostatin

increased level of adenosine is toxic to cells

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2
Q

what is cladribine used for

A

HAIRY cell leukemia

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3
Q

what pulse pressure effected by

A

stroke volume

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4
Q

what determines the diastolic pressure

A

elastic recoil vessels

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5
Q

hyperthyroidism effects stroke volume

A

stroke volume increases

thyroid upregulates B receptors

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6
Q

cardiac output 2nd formula

A

rate of O2 consmp/ arterial oxygen-venous O2

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7
Q

MAP formula

A

DBP+ 1/3 PP

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8
Q

decreased pulse pressure seen in

A

aortic stenosis
CHF
cardiogenic shock
tamponade

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9
Q

AGING cardiac changes

A

calcification thickening of aorta
dec max heart rate
SYSTOLIC htn/ decreased capabilty of workout

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10
Q

immune changes in elderly

A

low lymphocytes

so increased r/o infections and autoimmune disorder

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11
Q

gastric changes in elderly

A

increase in GERD
low GI motility
constipation

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12
Q

MSK

A

MS mass increased

risk of fractures in high — bone mineral loss

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13
Q

Nephro

A

inability to completely empty bladder— r/o infections

decrease the ability to concentrate the urine —- dehydration

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14
Q

sensory

A

EYE – presbyopia—- HARDENING OF LENS

EAR — presbycusis —-

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15
Q

Presbycusis

A

sensorineural hearing loss

HIGH frequency hearing loss —- base of cochlea

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16
Q

A. regurgitation

A

dialation of root
aneurysm ( marfan/ syphilis)
endocarditis
bicuspid aortic valve

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17
Q

ortner syndrome

A

dialation of L atrium

compress of left recurrent laryngeal nerve

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18
Q

L recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates

A

all intrinsic muscles except CRICOTHYROID

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19
Q

L recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates

A

all intrinsic muscles except CRICOTHYROID

20
Q

PDA loudest at?

A

left infraclavicular area

loudest during S2

21
Q

congenital form of PDA

A

RUBELLA togavirus

22
Q

mnemonic for RNA viruses

A 
Arena
Bunya
Calcivirus / coronovirus
Delta
E hep
Flavivirus / filovirus
Picorna / paramyxo
Orthomyxo 
Reovirus/ retrovirus / rhabdo
Togavirus
23
Q

togavirus includes

A

Rubella
chikungunya
western equinw encephalitis — not HY

24
Q

Rubella mannifestations

A

maculopapular rash that starts on FACE – spreads down
post auricular lymphadenopathy
arthralgias (adult)

25
Q

congenital rubella

A

heart– PDA / pulmonic stenosis
ear— deafness CN VIII
eyes — catarracts ( white pupils)
microencephaly and mental retardation

26
Q

blueberry muffin lesions signify

A

extramedullary hematopoesis

27
Q

all live vaccinations are contraindicated in

A

pregnant females

immunocompromised

28
Q

chikungunya fever

A

tropical and subtropical

africa/ asia

29
Q

transmission of chikungunya

A

aedes mosquito

30
Q

aedes mosquito transmits

A

chikungunya
dengue
zika

31
Q

co infections that occur with chikungunya

A

dengue

zika

32
Q

mannifestations of chikungunya

A 
febrile illness
rash
polyarthritis
myalgias
conjunctivitis 
headaches 
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
LYMPHOCYTOPENIA
33
Q

txt for chikungnya

A

can give methotrexate for joint inflammation

but normally subsides 10 days

34
Q

mosquitos act as vector for

A 
chikungunya
zika
dengue
malaria
west nile virus
35
Q

droplets transmit

A

influenza
meningeococcus
pertussis
adenovirus

36
Q

direct contact

A 
inf mononucleus 
rsv
rhinovirus
norwalk
lymphogranuloma venerum
37
Q

airborne (ventillator, aerosols)

A

tuberculosis
pox
measels

38
Q

Segmented viruses

A 
BOAR
Bunya ---- 3 seg
Orthomyxo----- 8 seg
Arena------ 2 seg 
Reo --- 12 segments

all these go through REASSORTMENT — antigenic shift

39
Q

arenavirus

A

2 segments
LCMV
Lassa fever —– rodents

40
Q

how does influenza virus bind to the resp epithelial cells

A

sialic acid residues

41
Q

what does influenza use for invasion

A

hemaglutinin (surface glycoprotein)

42
Q

antigenic drift is caused by ?

A

mutations of neuraminidase OR hemaglutinin

43
Q

how do inactivated influenza vaccines work

A

induce synthesis of antibodies against HEMAGGLUTININ antigen —- early stage entry

44
Q

influenza can have superinfection with

A

s. aureus
strpt pneumo
H. influenza ( cocobacilli)

45
Q

live vaccination for influenza virus

A

intra NASAL

46
Q

bunya virus

A 
3 segments 
california virus --- encephalitis
hantavirus -----hemorrhagic fever / resp inf
sandfly / rift valley fever 
crimean congo hemorrhagic fever
47
Q

Dhey Are Balls

A

circular SS RNA
delta
arena
bunya

dr taher classes HK (24 decks)

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