Curs 1 sist endocrin/recept Flashcards

1
Q

Care sunt hormoni peptidici/proteice?

A

TRH,CRH,GH-RH,GnRH,GH,PRL,FSH,LH,TSH,ACTH,ocitocina,ADH,PTH,Calcitonina

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2
Q

Care sunt hormoni steroidice?

A
Cortizol
Aldosteron
Testosteron
Progesteron
Estrogen
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3
Q

Care sunt substanțele derivate din Tirozina?

A

Tiroxina

Epinefrina

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4
Q

Care sunt etapele in sinteza hormonilor prot/peptid?

A
  1. Transcrierea secventei ADN in ARN
  2. Eliminarea anumitor secvente
    (introni) din lantul initial de
    transcriptie si modificari ale
    segmentelor 3” si 5” terminale
  3. Procesul de translatie a ARNm cu
    sinteza proteinei
  4. Inaintea secretiei, prohormonul
    sufera un proces de clivare in mai
    multe fragmente
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5
Q

Transportul hormonal in circ se face prin?

A

90% din hormonii steroizi si hormonii tiroidieni circula sub forma unor complexe cu proteinele de legare

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6
Q

Care forma de hormon este biologic activa?

A

Forma libera este cea biologic activa

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7
Q

Unde sunt sintetizate prot de legare si daca sunt afectate ce modif apar?

A

• Proteine de legare – sintetizate hepatic, modificarile lor afecteaza
concentratia serica totala a hh dar nu si fractiunea libera.

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8
Q

Care sunt timp de injumatatire ale hormonilor?

A
  • secunde: catecolamine
  • minute: hormoni proteici
  • ore: steroizi, hh tiroidieni
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9
Q

Care este definita receptorilor si ce rol au?

A

Receptorii sunt molecule (proteine, glicoproteine, mono- sau policatenare intracelulare sau localizate pe membrana):

  1. au capacitatea de a recunoaste si lega hormonii
  2. duc la promovarea unor efecte intracelulare specifice
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10
Q

Ce caracteristice au receptorilor, care poate fi modificate in legatura cu raspuns la hormoni?

A
Afinitatea
Distributie
Saturabilitatea
Nr controlat
Situsuri multiple
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11
Q

Care sunt r. intracelulari?

A

Citosolici (steroizi)

Nucleari (T3, calcitriol)

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12
Q

Care sunt r. membranari din grup A (cuplat cu TK)

A

subgrup 1: R.GH cu TK intrinseca –> Insulina, IGF-1

subgrup 2: r.citokine recrutTK –> GH,PRL, Leptina

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13
Q

Care sunt r.membranari din grupa B (cuplat prot G)?

A

TRH,TSH,GnRH,ACTH,Somatostatin,LH,FSH,Glucagon etc

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14
Q

Bolii cu productie excesiva?

A

Acromegalie, tireotoxicoza(hipertiroidism, boala Cushing, gigantism,

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15
Q

Boli prin diminuarea produc hormonale?

A

Nanism, mixedem, boala Addison, hipotiroidism, hipogonadism, insuf hipofizara

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16
Q

Patol de r. la h.tiroidieni?

A

Rezistenta la hormonii tiroidieni: – Sd Refetoff

17
Q

Patol de r. androgeni?

A

Sd testiculului feminizant

Rezistența la R./5-alpha reduct

18
Q

Patol de r. de GH

A

nanismul Laron

19
Q

MEN 1 definitie:

A

Hiperparatiroidism, angiofibroame, tumori neuroendocrine, enteropancreatice, tumori hipofizare

20
Q

MEN 2a def:

A

Carcinom medular + feocromocitom + HPTH

21
Q

SPA (sindrom poligland Ai) tip 1:

A

Hipoparatiroidism,
boala Addison,
candidoza mucocutanata cronica

22
Q

SPA tip 2:

A

Boala Addison, boli autoimune tiroidiene, DZ tip 1,insuficienta gonadica + alte afectiuni AI: anemie Biermer, vitiligo, etc.