CS401A's Prelims: Phil. Pop Culture Module 02 Flashcards
For preliminary exams.
Occurred during the Age of Exploration – the time when Westerners began to explore the open seas and began trading (with most of the time conquering) with other civilizations.
Globalization
Allowed the Philippines access to the popular cultures of the West, which included novels, knowledge, and music, among other things.
Suez Canal
Almost ruined the countrymen of China because the British covertly brought the drug with them during their voyage and illegally sold them to the Chinese black market.
Opium
A rite dedicated for 2 humans to form a pact with each other swearing that they would love each other, do not leave each other, and make their lives work as one. Usually under the providence of their preferred deity.
Wedding
(There’s only one answer)
_____ began to evolve since Western composers began to commit their _____ into paper during the Renaissance – allowing it to be shared. Meanwhile, Eastern _____ was still dedicated to the passing of _____ through practice and memory
Music
This became popular when aristocrats and the royalty (as established during the feudal time of the Medieval period) began to wear clothes that took these pieces of clothing beyond functionality.
Fashion
One (1) thing to note from Wertz is his special mention of _________, the man regarded by many to be one (1) of the many “superstars” of popular culture. This is because his works bridged both fine art and popular art, making his works appeal to many.
William Shakespeare
Because of the European’s conquest to the Americas, they’ve acquired cacao beans and the food made by it became an instant hit to the European market, even causing the slave trades to boom.
Chocolate
As technology arises, Most of the aesthetics are more accessible; It even turned folk and high culture into popular culture. Theater, music, and art became widely available through written formats, drama studies, and the rise of film and TV, increasing public consumption of culture.
The Industrial Age
First pinoy filmed directed by José Nepomuceno, which paved the way for the masses to access the once-high culture aspect of film viewing.
Dalagang Bukid
Who is considered as Father of Philippine Cinema?
José Nepomuceno
This category began with printed media like books, newspapers, and comics. Radio brought music and dramas, while TV and films expanded popular culture content.
Entertainment
This category improved with innovations like the sewing machine for fashion, cookbooks for food, and accessible culinary education. Cameras enabled people to create art and capture moments, while dance evolved from cultural expression to personal performance.
Lifestyle
These 3 categories boomed with the advent of mass communication, such as newspaper coverages, radio hosting, and televised events such as competitions, press releases, and government announcements.
Sports
News
Politics
Technology boomed as accessibility and functionality merged, evolving from telegraphs to mobile phones, driven by the need for communication. The Internet and social media further revolutionized connectivity, making everything more accessible.
Technology
What category is this in Pre-colonial Philippines?
__________ in the pre-colonial Philippines was rich and diverse, with each warring tribe having its own kundiman (songs), epics, poetry, legends, and mythologies. For example, every tribe had its own god of war. Notable figures include Lam-ang, Urduja, Bathala, Talagbusao, Ibu, Bakunawa, Pilandok, and the couple Malakas and Maganda. Legends like the aswang also belong to this category. Traditional instruments, such as the kulintang, bansik, kudyapi, and kubing, were integral to their cultural expression.
Entertainment (Pre-colonial Philippines)
What category is this in Pre-colonial Philippines?
Early Filipinos adapted to the tropical environment by using materials like abaca, nipa, and plant fibers for clothing, and native minerals (iron, copper, gold) and pearls for adornment. Tattoos were also popular. Through trade, they acquired silk, spices, soy sauce, and porcelain. Architecture featured nipa stilt and bamboo houses, while folk dances like Tinikling, Singkil, and Maglalatik were integral to their culture.
Lifestyle (Pre-colonial Philippines)
What category is this in Pre-colonial Philippines?
Early Filipinos gained skills in metal forging, pottery, weaving, and navigation through trade. Writing was highly valued, with examples like the Angono petroglyphs, baybayin script, and the Laguna Copperplate Inscription showcasing their advancements.
Technology (Pre-colonial Philippines)
Filipinos suffered for 333 years under the Spanish regime; however, Spain imparted much of their culture – and other outside cultures as well to us. This resulted in a cultural blending for us Filipinos.
Spanish Colonization
What category is this when Spanish Colonized us?
Spain introduced religious-based entertainment like zarzuela (sarswela), pasion (pasyon), and cenaculo (senakulo). Literary works such as awit and corrido became popular, with examples like Ibong Adarna, Bernardo Carpio, and Florante at Laura. The opening of the Suez Canal brought novels like Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo into Filipino literature. Western music and instruments, such as the guitar, also became part of Filipino culture.
Entertainment (When Spanish Came to Colonize)
What category is this when Spanish Colonized us?
Western fashion influenced Filipino culture, with barong Tagalog and baro’t saya (including the formal Maria Clara variant) becoming iconic. Folk dances blended Spanish elements, introducing new styles like pasodoble, Pandanggo, curacha, rigodon, waltz, jota, polka, and lanceros. Filipino cuisine also evolved, incorporating dishes like adobo, pancit, champorado, pineapples, and leche flan, reflecting cultural fusion. Western fine arts (e.g., Spoliarium) and formal education (e.g., Ateneo de Manila University, University of Santo Tomas) became integral to Filipino culture.
Lifestyle (When Spanish Came to Colonize)
What category is this when Spanish Colonized us?
The Spaniards introduced fencing and gun duels, but limited access for Filipinos to prevent rebellion. Despite this, Filipinos already had their own martial skills. Football (soccer) was also introduced during the later years of Spanish rule.
Sports (When Spanish Came to Colonize)
What 2 categories are these when Spanish Colonized us?
Key events during this period included the Propaganda Movement, the GomBurZa Execution following the Cavite Mutiny, and the Philippine Revolution. Numerous revolts, such as the Dagohoy, Silang, and Basi Revolts, also marked the era. Prominent figures like Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Emilio Aguinaldo, Teresa Magbanua, and Melchora Aquino emerged. Additionally, Mindanao’s resistance, led by figures like Sultan Kudarat, and the Igorots’ defense of the Cordilleras against Spanish conquest were significant.
News and Politics (When Spanish Came to Colonize)
The Americans took over after defeating Spain, who had already traded the Philippines to them. Filipinos embraced American culture and ideals. During World War II, Japan occupied the country, and after the war, the U.S. granted the Philippines independence.
American Dream
What category is this when Americans took us over?
The Americans introduced radio in 1924, bringing jazz and Western swing to Filipinos. Theater evolved with vaudeville (bodabil), and filmmaking became popular in 1919 with Dalagang Bukid, the first pure Filipino film. Key figures included Atang dela Rama, Paraluman, Fernando Poe Sr., Sampaguita Pictures, and Carmen Rosales.
Entertainment (Americans taking over)
What category is this when Americans took us over?
Filipinos adopted American fashion, with men wearing Americana suits and women pairing flapper dresses with Maria Clara attire. American food like hot dogs, fried chicken, pot roasts, and cheesecake became popular. Dances such as the foxtrot, square dance, conga, rhumba, ballet, and jive were also embraced.
Lifestyle (Americans taking over)
What category is this when Americans took us over?
Filipinos embraced basketball, rivaling sipa as a favorite sport. Volleyball and boxing also became popular. The Philippines joined every Summer Olympics starting in 1924.
Sports (Americans taking over)
What 2 categories are these when Americans took us over?
Filipinos saw Americans as new conquerors, leading to tensions until World War II. Key events included racism, the Bataan Death March, comfort women, the tokkeitai, the kenpeitai, Aguinaldo’s exile, the Battle of Tirad Pass, and the Filipino-American War. Notable figures included McKinley, Taft, Leonard Wood, Antonio Luna, Gregorio del Pilar, Apolinario Mabini, Manuel Quezon, Jose P. Laurel, and the MacArthurs.
News and Politics (Americans taking over)
What category is this when Americans took us over?
The Americans introduced radio and film while advancing medicine, researching tropical diseases, and improving agriculture with crops like atsuete, tobacco, and papaya. Food processing innovations included beer and carbonated drinks.
Technology (Americans taking over)
