Crossword 4 - Renal

Question 1

A 70 year old man has lower urinary tract symptoms and is found to have an enlarged prostate on rectal examination which turns out to be benign. He has benign prostatic…

Answer 1

HyperPLASIA

Question 2

Name of smoking related malignant epithelial tumour (i.e. carcinoma) affecting the bladder lining, often older men

Answer 2

Urothelial carcinoma

Question 3

The most common type of malignant tumour of the kidney in an adult is _ _ _ _ _cell carcinoma, relating to the vacuolated appearance of the tumour cell cytoplasm

Answer 3

Clear

Question 4

A 3 year old child presents with haematuria and abdominal distension, and is found to have bilateral primary kidney tumours on scanning. What gene is usually mutated in these tumours?

Answer 4

WT1

Question 5

Malignant tumour of testicular germ cells in younger men

Answer 5

Seminoma

Question 6

What syndrome can be caused by membranous nephropathy, where there is oedema, proteinuria and hypoalbuminaemia?

Answer 6

Nephrotic

Question 7

In addition to material blocking the lumen, ureteric wall abnormalities and vesicoureteric junction malfunction, what other group of changes may cause ureteric obstruction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ compression?

Answer 7

..??

Question 8

If an adult has hypercalcaemia, intense right loin pain and a small radio-opaque mass in the region of the right ureter, what complication in the right kidney might cause renal parenchymal atrophy and enlargement of the renal pelvis?

Answer 8

Hydronephrosis - the swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine.

Question 9

To make sure urine from within the bladder is sampled for microbiological testing to diagnose and treat UTI, what type of test is requested?

Answer 9

MSU

Question 10

Commonest cause of end-stage renal failure in wealthier countries

Answer 10

Diabetes

Question 11

A pre-renal cause of acute renal failure that is most commonly secondary to bleeding, septic shock or left ventricular failure

Answer 11

Hypotension