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NEUROLOGY > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What does V1 exit from?

A
  • the Superior Orbital fissure
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2
Q

Where does V2, Maxillary nerve, exit from?

A
  • Foramen Rotundum
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3
Q

Where does V3 exit from?

A

FORAMEN OVALE

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4
Q

What occurs on CN4, Trochlear, Palsy?

A
  • diplopia when looking down

- difficulty walking downstairs/ reading/ tying shoe lace

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5
Q

What is the axn of the Superior Oblique muscle? What nerve supplies it?

A
  • CN IV, Trochlear Nerve supplies it

- resp. for intorsion of the eye and DEPRESSION of the eye when ADDUCTED

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6
Q

What occurs with CNIII palsy?

A
  • Pupil will be DOWN and OUT
  • Dilated
  • Ptosis
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7
Q

CNIII supplies what?

A
  • Extrinsic eye muscles (MR, IO, IR, SR)
  • SPhincter Pupillae (pupil constriction)
  • ciliary muscles (accomodation)
  • Levator Palpebrae (elevate to eye lids)
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8
Q

What the Optic nerve exit from?

A
  • the optic canal of the Sphenoid bone
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9
Q

2 major fxns of the Trigeminal nerve?

A
  1. FACIAL sensation

2. MASTICATION

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10
Q

3 majors subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve?

A

V1: OPHTHALMIC N.
V2. Maxillary
V3: Mandibular

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11
Q

What is sensory supply does V1 offer?

A

Afferent supply to the CORNEA

resp. for the Corneal reflex

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12
Q

What is V2 resp. for? -

A

pain and T* sensation of the face

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13
Q

What does V3 supply?

A
  • muscles of mastication
    (anterior belly of digastric nerve/ tensor velli palatini/ mylohyoid/)
  • tensor tympani
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14
Q

How does trigeminal nerve palsy look like?

A
  • loss of corneal reflex
  • LOSS of facial sensation
  • jaw deviation to the affected side
  • weak muscles of mastication
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15
Q

Where does CN6 arise from extrcranially?

A
  • SOF
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16
Q

What does CN 6, Abducens nerve. supply?

A
  • Lateral Rectus muscle
17
Q

How does R CN 6 palsy look on forward gaze and lateral gaze?

A
  • forward gaze: R CN6= Slightly deviated medially

- right gaze: r eye can;t look laterallt

18
Q

What occurs with CN 6 palsy?

A
  • horizontal DIPLOPIA
19
Q

What is the course of the Facial nerve through the temporal bone ?

A
  • Enters the temporal bone through the Internal Auditory meatus
  • Exists the bone through the stylomastoid foramen
20
Q

What does the facial nerve supply?

A
  1. Motor innervation to the FACIAL muscles
  2. Lacrimation
  3. Salivation
  4. Taste sensation to the ANTERIOR 2/3s of the tongue
  5. Innervation to the Stapedius muscle
21
Q

Which glands does the facial nerve supply?

A
  • SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
  • SUBLINGUAL glands
  • LACRIMAL glands
  • nasal, palatine, pharyngeal MUCOUS glands
22
Q

What occurs with CN VII palsy?

A
  • Flaccid paralysis of UPPER and LOWER face
  • loss of efferent corneal reflex
  • loss of taste
  • hyperacusis
23
Q

Where does the CN8, Vestibulocohlear nerve arise from extracranially?

A
  • internal acoustic meatus
24
Q

What is the 8th CN resp. for ?

A
  • hearing

- compensatory eye movements

25
Q

What occurs with CN 8 palsy?

A
  • TINNITUS/ DEAF

- Nystagmus/ vertigo

26
Q

What neoplastic lesion may cause CN 8 palsy>

A
  • acoustic neuromas
27
Q

Name the 9th CN.

A

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL nerve

28
Q

What is CN9 resp. for?

A
  1. taste AND sensation at posterior 1/3rd
  2. Swallowing (stylopharyngeus m.)
  3. Salivation (parotid gland)
  4. mediates input from CAROTID BODY and SINUS
  5. SENSATION to oropharynx, EUSTACHIAN tube and MIDDLE ear cavity
29
Q

What occurs with CN 9 palsy?

A
  1. HYPERSENSITIVE carotid sinus REFLEX

2. LOSS of GAG REFLEX

30
Q

Name three nerves that exit through the Jugular Foramen?

A
  1. Cn 9, 10, 11
31
Q

What is the 10th CN resp. for?

A
  1. Phonation (larynx and pharynx m)
  2. Swallowing (motor to soft palate)
  3. Viscera innervation (to heart/ abdomen)
  4. taste sensation at ROOT of tongue and EPIGLOTTIS
  5. parasympathetic innerv. to smooth muscle of GIT/ TRACHEA/ BRONCHI/ HEART—REGULATES heart
    rhythm
  6. sensory to POSTERIOR cranial fossa
32
Q

What occurs in CN 10 palsy?

A
  • UVULA deviation

- loss of GAG reflex (efferent)

33
Q

What is the accessory nerve resp. for?

A
  • HEAD AND SHOULDER movement (SCM and TRAPEZIUS)
34
Q

How does CN 11 palsy appear?

A

CAN’T turn head to normal side

35
Q

What is CN XII?

A
  • hypoglossal nerve
36
Q

What is CN XII resp. for?

What occurs with CN XII palsy?

A
  • TONGUE movement

- tongue deviation to the side of lesion

37
Q

Where does CN XII exit from extrcranially?

A
  • Hypoglossal canal

NEUROLOGY (36 decks)

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