Cranial Nerves

Question 1

1 Olfactory

Answer 1

1. Smell nerve
2. Makes connections in the cerebral cortex of the temporal bones

Question 2

2 Optic Nerve

Answer 2

1. Photoreceptor
2. Enter the optic foramen just superior to the sella turcica

Question 3

3 Oculomotor Nerve

Answer 3

1. Produces extrinsic and intrinsic eyeball movements
2. Originates in the mesencephalon and passes to the eye via the superior orbital fissure
3. Trauma to this nerve can cause palsy on the same side as the injury

Question 4

4 Trochlear

Answer 4

1. Very small motor nerves that originates in the mesencephalon and passes the the superior orbital fissure
2. Controls the downward and lateral eyeball movements

Question 5

5 Trigeminal

Answer 5

1. Originates in the pons
2. Senses touch, temp, and pain
3. Inervates the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoids

Question 6

6 Abducens Nerve

Answer 6

1. Originates in the pons
2. Moves the eye laterally

Question 7

7 Facial Nerve

Answer 7

1. Arises from the pons
2. Inervates the muscles for facial expression, stimulates salivary glands, and increases secretions of tears
3. Senses taste from anterior two thirds of the tongue

Question 8

8 Vestibulocohlear nerve

Answer 8

1. Arises from the inner ear
2. Monitors equilibrium and balance
3. Responsible for hearing

Question 9

9 Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 9

1. Innervates the posterior portion of the tounge, swallow reflex and saliva secretion from parotid gland
2. Originates in the medulla oblongata
3. Bitter taste sense

Question 10

10 Vagus nerve

Answer 10

1. Originates from medulla oblongata
2. Innervates most throat and larynx muscles
3. Receive input from the throat

Question 11

11 Accessory Nerve

Answer 11

1. Comes from medulla oblongata and the spinal cord
2. Helps swallow
3. Innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoids

Question 12

12 Hypoglossal

Answer 12

1. Innervates the tongue muscles
2. Damage to this nerve leads to impaired swallowing and difficulty speaking