Appendicular Muscles Flashcards
Pectoralis minor
Origin: sternal ends of upper ribs
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula
Action: protracts and depresses the scapula
Serratus anterior
Origin: anterior and superior margins of upper ribs
Insertion: medial border of scapula and anterior surface of scapula
Action: agonist in scapular protraction, superiorly rotates scapula
Rhomboid major
Origin: spinous process of T2-T5
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: retracts and elevates scapula
Rhomboid minor
Origin: spinous process of C7-T1
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: same as rhomboid major
Trapezius
Origin: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7-T12
Insertion: clavical, acromon, scapula spine
Action: elevate and superiorly rotate scapula
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: spinous process of T7-T12
Insertion: intertubercular groove of proximal humerus
Action: prime mover of arm extension
Pectoralis major
Origin: medial clavcle
Insertion: lateral part of intertubercular groove of proximal humerus
Action: prime mover of arm flexion
Deltoid
Origin: acromion end of clavicle, the acromion, spine of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: medially rotate arm, arm abduction
Corocobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: middle medial shaft of humerus
Action: adducts and flexes arm
Teres major
Origin: inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove on humerus
Action: same as latissimus dorsi
Subscapularis
Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: medially rotate arm
Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: abducts the arm
Infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: adducts and laterally rotates arm
Teres minor
Origin: upper lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: same as infraspinatus
Biceps brachii
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeuros
Actions: flexes elbow joint
Triceps brachii
Origin: infraglenoid tubercal of scapula, posterior humerus above radial groove and below radial groove
Insertion: all three parts on olecranon of ulna
Action: primary extensor of elbow joint
Psoas major
Origin: transverse process and bodies of lower vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: flexes thigh
Iliacus
Origin: iliac fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: flexes thigh
Sartorius
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: tibial tuberosity medial side
Action: flexes thigh and rotates thigh laterally
Gracilis
Origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion: upper medial surface of tibia
Action: adducts and flexes thigh
Rectus femoris
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: quadriceps tendon to patella
Action: extends leg flexes thigh
Vastus lateralis
Origin: greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
Insertion: quad tendon
Action: extends leg
Vastus medialis
Origin: intertrochanteric line
Insertion: quad tendon
Action: extends leg
Vastus intermedius
Origin: anterolateral surface of femur
Insertion: quad tendon
Action: extends the leg
Biceps femoris
Origin: long head of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: head of fibula
Action: extends thigh
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
Action: extends thigh and flexes leg
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: proximal medial surface of tibia
Action: extends thigh and flexes leg
Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia
Insertion: first metatarsal
Action: dorsiflexes foot and inverts foot
Peroneus longus
Origin: head and superior shaft of fibula
Insertion: base of first metatarsal
Action: everts foot and plantar flexor
Gastrocnemius
Origin: superior posterior femur
Insertion: calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Action: flexes leg and plantar flexes foot
Soleus
Origin: head and proximal shaft of fibula
Insertion: calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexes the foot
