Cranial Nerve Palsy - V : Trigeminal Nerve Flashcards
Anatomical Course of Trigeminal Nerve.
- Originates from 3 Sensory Nuclei and 1 Motor Nucleus Between Midbrain and Medulla.
- Sensory Nuclei merge at Pons Level to form Sensory Root.
- Sensory Root expands into Trigeminal Ganglion.
- Motor Root passes inferior to Sensory Root along floor of Trigeminal Cave to reach Mandibular Division only.
Where is the Trigeminal Ganglion found?
Trigeminal Cave : Lateral to Cavernous Sinus (Depression of Temporal Bone).
Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve (3).
- V1 - Ophthalmic.
- V2 - Maxillary.
- V3 - Mandibular.
Entries of the Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve (3).
- Ophthalmic - Superior Orbital Fissure.
- Maxillary - Foramen Rotundum.
- Mandibular - Foramen Ovale.
Ophthalmic Nerve Sensory Function.
Skin and mucous membranes of frontonasal prominence e.g. forehead to dorsal of nose.
Ophthalmic Nerve Parasympathetic Function.
Lacrimal Gland.
Corneal Reflex.
- Afferent Limb : Ophthalmic Nerve.
2. Efferent Limb - Facial Nerve (Orbicularis Oculi).
What is HZO?
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmic - reactivation of VZV in Ophthalmic Nerve : vesicular rash around eye and Hutchinson’s Sign.
Give oral antivirals for 7-10 days.
What is Hutchinson’s Sign?
Rash on the tip or side of the nose : nasociliary involvement and ocular involvement.
Maxillary Nerve Sensory Function.
Skin, Mucous Membranes and Sinuses of Maxillary Prominence.
Maxillary Nerve Parasympathetic Function.
- Lacrimal Gland.
2. Nasal Gland.
Mandibular Nerve Sensory Function.
Skin, mucous membranes of floor of mandibular prominence - oral cavity floor, external ear, lower lip, chin, anterior 2/3 tongue general sensation and teeth.
Mandibular Nerve Branches.
- Buccal Nerve.
- Inferior Alveolar Nerve.
- Auriculotemporal Nerve.
- Lingual Nerve.
Mandibular nerve Parasympathetic Functions (3).
- Submandibular Glands.
- Sublingual Glands.
- Parotid Glands.
Significance of Mandibular Nerve.
Local Anaesthetic in Dental Procedures to Inferior Alveolar Nerve.