cranial nerve anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
CN I
A
olfactory
2
Q
CN II
A
optic
3
Q
CN III
A
oculomotor
4
Q
CN IV
A
trochlear
5
Q
CN V
A
trigeminal
6
Q
CN VI
A
abducent
7
Q
CN VII
A
facial
8
Q
CN VIII
A
vestibulocochlear
9
Q
CN IX
A
glossopharyngeal
10
Q
CN V
A
vagus
11
Q
CN VI
A
spinal acccessory
12
Q
CN VII
A
hypogloassal
13
Q
what does CN I olfactory nerve do?
A
special sensory-smell
14
Q
what cranial formaina does CN I the olfactory nerve pass through?
A
cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
15
Q
how do you test CN I ?
A
ask the patient to smell a familiar smell whilst covering other nostril
16
Q
what does CN II optic nerve do?
A
special sensory - vision
17
Q
what cranial forimina does the optic nerve travel through?
A
optic canal
18
Q
where dies the optic nerve connect with the CNS?
A
diencephalon
19
Q
how do you test the optic nerve?
A
many way:
snellen chart (acuity) colour fields (quadrants) pupil reflexes fundoscopy
20
Q
where does the oculomotor nerve connect with the CNS?
A
midbrain
21
Q
what does the occulomotor nerve do?
A
eye movement to most of muscles pupil constriction (parasympathetic)
22
Q
what cranial foramina does the occulomotor nerve pass through?
A
superior orbital fissure
travels to orbit in lateral wall of cavernous sinus
23
Q
how to test the occulomotor nerve?
A
use light to test for pupillary constriction
and H test for movement
24
Q
what does the trochlear nerve do?
A
eye movement (superior oblique)
25
what formamina does the trochlear nerve go through?
superior orbital fissure
travels to orbit in lateral wall of cavernous sinus
test with H test
26
what does the abducent nerve do?
eye movement (lateral rectus)
27
what foramina does the abducent nerve pass through?
superior orbital fissure
| travels to orbit within cavernous sinus!!
28
what does the vestibulocochlear nerve do?
hearing and balance
29
which foramina does the vestibulocochlear nerve pass through?
internal acoustic meatus
30
how do you test the vestibulocochlear nerve?
rinnie and webers test
31
what does the spinal accessory nerve do?
motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
32
which cranial foramina does the spinal accessory nerve travel through?
jugular foramen
33
how do test the spinal accessory nerve?
ask them shrug shoulders
ask them to turn head and flex neck
34
what does the hypoglossal nerve do?
motor to tongue muscles (most of them)
35
what formamen does the hypoglossal nerve travel through?
hypoglossal canal
36
where does CN VI connect with the CNS?
ponto medullary junction
37
where does the spinal accessory nerve connect with the CNS?
cervical spinal cord
38
where does teh hypoglossal nerve connect with the CNS?
via rootlets lateral to the pyramids of the medulla oblongata
39
how do you test the hypogloassal nerve?
ask them to stick out tongue
if there is CN VII pathology the tongue will point to the damaged side
40
what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
opthalmic- sensory
maxillary- sensory
mandibular- sensory and motor
41
where does the trigeminal nerve connect with the CNS
pons
42
what foraminae does the trigeminal nerve go through?
ophthalmic- superior orbital fissure
maxillary- foramen rotundum
mandibular- foramen ovale
43
what nerve supplies sensory here?
bone and soft tissue of orbit
upper anterior nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
ant and posterior cranial fossae
forehead and nose (not nostrils), eyebrows and upper eyelid
CN V1 ophthalmic part of trigeminal
44
what nerve supplies sensory here?
```
lower posterior nasal cavity
maxilla and maxillary sinus
floor of nasal cavity
nostris
upper lip
```
CN V2- maxillary part of trigeminal
45
what nerve supplies sensory here?
```
middle cranial fossa
mandible
ant 2/3rd tongue
mouth floor
buccal mucosa
lower lip and chin
```
mandibular part of trigeminal
46
what are the 3 pairs of jaw CLOSING muscles?
masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
47
what pair of muscles opens the jaw?
lateral pterygoid
48
what nerve supplies teh jaw opening and jaw closing muscles?
mandibular part of trigeminal nerve
49
how do you test CN V?
1/ sensory- ask them to close eyes and brush each dermatome with fine tip cotton wool and ask if they feel
2/ motor- palpate strength og masseter and temporalis by getting them to clench teeth and get them to open jaw against resistance
50
where does the facial nerve connect with CNS?
pontomedullary junction
51
what does the facial nerve do?
taste
motor
parasympathetic
52
what foraminae does it travel through?
in-internal acoustic meatus
| out - stylomastoid foramen
53
chorda tympani is a branch of the facial nerve, what does it do?
taste buds of ant 2/3rd of tongue and parasympathic supply to submandibular and sublingual glands
54
how do you test the facial nerve?
ask to raise eyebrows
close eyes tightly
smile
puff cheeks out and hold breath
55
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve connect with the CNS?
medulla
56
what foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve pass through?
jugular formamen
57
provides sensory to eustachian tube?
glossopharyngeal nerve
58
provides sensory to post 1/3 tongue, muscosa of naso and oropharynx and some of laryngopharynx, middle ear cavity and palatine tonsil
glossopharyngeal nerve
59
parasympathetic supply to parotid gland is via what nerve?
glossopharyngeal
60
somatic motor to stylopharyngeus?
glossopharyngeal nerve
61
how to test CN IX?
elicit gag reflex
62
where does the vagus nerve connect with the CNS?
medulla
63
what foramen does the jugular nerve travel through?
jugular foramen
64
runs in the carotid sheath
vagus nerve
65
how to test vagus nerve?
ask patient to say ahhh and uvula will point away from damaged side to the normal side
ask to swallow water and watch movement of larynx
listen to speech- if hoarse this may suggest pathology
66
what nerve is most lateral?
CN VIII
