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Neurology year 3 > cranial nerve anatomy > Flashcards

cranial nerve anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

olfactory

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2
Q

CN II

A

optic

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3
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor

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4
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear

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5
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal

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6
Q

CN VI

A

abducent

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7
Q

CN VII

A

facial

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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9
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

CN V

A

vagus

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11
Q

CN VI

A

spinal acccessory

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12
Q

CN VII

A

hypogloassal

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13
Q

what does CN I olfactory nerve do?

A

special sensory-smell

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14
Q

what cranial formaina does CN I the olfactory nerve pass through?

A

cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

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15
Q

how do you test CN I ?

A

ask the patient to smell a familiar smell whilst covering other nostril

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16
Q

what does CN II optic nerve do?

A

special sensory - vision

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17
Q

what cranial forimina does the optic nerve travel through?

A

optic canal

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18
Q

where dies the optic nerve connect with the CNS?

A

diencephalon

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19
Q

how do you test the optic nerve?

A

many way:

snellen chart (acuity)
colour
fields (quadrants)
pupil reflexes
fundoscopy
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20
Q

where does the oculomotor nerve connect with the CNS?

A

midbrain

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21
Q

what does the occulomotor nerve do?

A 
eye movement to most of muscles
pupil constriction (parasympathetic)
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22
Q

what cranial foramina does the occulomotor nerve pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

travels to orbit in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

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23
Q

how to test the occulomotor nerve?

A

use light to test for pupillary constriction

and H test for movement

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24
Q

what does the trochlear nerve do?

A

eye movement (superior oblique)

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25
Q

what formamina does the trochlear nerve go through?

A

superior orbital fissure

travels to orbit in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

test with H test

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26
Q

what does the abducent nerve do?

A

eye movement (lateral rectus)

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27
Q

what foramina does the abducent nerve pass through?

A

superior orbital fissure

travels to orbit within cavernous sinus!!

28
Q

what does the vestibulocochlear nerve do?

A

hearing and balance

29
Q

which foramina does the vestibulocochlear nerve pass through?

A

internal acoustic meatus

30
Q

how do you test the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

rinnie and webers test

31
Q

what does the spinal accessory nerve do?

A

motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

32
Q

which cranial foramina does the spinal accessory nerve travel through?

A

jugular foramen

33
Q

how do test the spinal accessory nerve?

A

ask them shrug shoulders

ask them to turn head and flex neck

34
Q

what does the hypoglossal nerve do?

A

motor to tongue muscles (most of them)

35
Q

what formamen does the hypoglossal nerve travel through?

A

hypoglossal canal

36
Q

where does CN VI connect with the CNS?

A

ponto medullary junction

37
Q

where does the spinal accessory nerve connect with the CNS?

A

cervical spinal cord

38
Q

where does teh hypoglossal nerve connect with the CNS?

A

via rootlets lateral to the pyramids of the medulla oblongata

39
Q

how do you test the hypogloassal nerve?

A

ask them to stick out tongue

if there is CN VII pathology the tongue will point to the damaged side

40
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

A

opthalmic- sensory
maxillary- sensory
mandibular- sensory and motor

41
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve connect with the CNS

A

pons

42
Q

what foraminae does the trigeminal nerve go through?

A

ophthalmic- superior orbital fissure
maxillary- foramen rotundum
mandibular- foramen ovale

43
Q

what nerve supplies sensory here?

bone and soft tissue of orbit
upper anterior nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
ant and posterior cranial fossae

forehead and nose (not nostrils), eyebrows and upper eyelid

A

CN V1 ophthalmic part of trigeminal

44
Q

what nerve supplies sensory here?

lower posterior nasal cavity
maxilla and maxillary sinus
floor of nasal cavity
 nostris
upper lip
A

CN V2- maxillary part of trigeminal

45
Q

what nerve supplies sensory here?

middle cranial fossa
mandible
ant 2/3rd tongue
mouth floor
buccal mucosa
lower lip and chin
A

mandibular part of trigeminal

46
Q

what are the 3 pairs of jaw CLOSING muscles?

A

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid

47
Q

what pair of muscles opens the jaw?

A

lateral pterygoid

48
Q

what nerve supplies teh jaw opening and jaw closing muscles?

A

mandibular part of trigeminal nerve

49
Q

how do you test CN V?

A

1/ sensory- ask them to close eyes and brush each dermatome with fine tip cotton wool and ask if they feel

2/ motor- palpate strength og masseter and temporalis by getting them to clench teeth and get them to open jaw against resistance

50
Q

where does the facial nerve connect with CNS?

A

pontomedullary junction

51
Q

what does the facial nerve do?

A

taste
motor
parasympathetic

52
Q

what foraminae does it travel through?

A

in-internal acoustic meatus

out - stylomastoid foramen

53
Q

chorda tympani is a branch of the facial nerve, what does it do?

A

taste buds of ant 2/3rd of tongue and parasympathic supply to submandibular and sublingual glands

54
Q

how do you test the facial nerve?

A

ask to raise eyebrows
close eyes tightly
smile
puff cheeks out and hold breath

55
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve connect with the CNS?

A

medulla

56
Q

what foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve pass through?

A

jugular formamen

57
Q

provides sensory to eustachian tube?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

58
Q

provides sensory to post 1/3 tongue, muscosa of naso and oropharynx and some of laryngopharynx, middle ear cavity and palatine tonsil

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

59
Q

parasympathetic supply to parotid gland is via what nerve?

A

glossopharyngeal

60
Q

somatic motor to stylopharyngeus?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

61
Q

how to test CN IX?

A

elicit gag reflex

62
Q

where does the vagus nerve connect with the CNS?

A

medulla

63
Q

what foramen does the jugular nerve travel through?

A

jugular foramen

64
Q

runs in the carotid sheath

A

vagus nerve

65
Q

how to test vagus nerve?

A

ask patient to say ahhh and uvula will point away from damaged side to the normal side

ask to swallow water and watch movement of larynx

listen to speech- if hoarse this may suggest pathology

66
Q

what nerve is most lateral?

A

CN VIII

Neurology year 3 (30 decks)

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