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Kirstys Flashcards > CPT1: EEG KC > Flashcards

CPT1: EEG KC Flashcards

1
Q

What does EEG stand for?

A

Electroencephalography

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2
Q

What is an EEG influenzed by?

A

State of aurosal. Shows changes in sleep stages

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3
Q

What does an EEG show?

A
  • Slow changes in membrane potential of cortical neurons, especially Excitatoy/ inhibitory post synaptic potentials.
  • Not really from AP propagating along axons
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4
Q

What do large amplitudes of synchronized activity of a large number of neurons reflex?

A

Activity in thalamus

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5
Q

What components make up the EEG wave?

A
  • Alpha
  • beta
  • theta
  • Delta
  • Gamma
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6
Q
  1. What does the alpha wave represnet?
  2. What alters its activity
  3. What brain stucture is it thought to represent?
A
  1. Closed eyes and relaxed
  2. opening eyes or perfoming mental calculations decrease its activity
  3. Thought to indicate degree of cortical activation. More activation, lower the alpha activity
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7
Q
  1. What does the B wave represnet?
  2. When would it be reduced?
A
  1. In alert, awake individuals with their eyes open B wave is the most dominant wave
  2. In areas of coritcal damage the activity may be reduced or abcent

Can be assentuated by hypnotic/sedative drugs

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8
Q

What is theta waves associated with?

A
  • Not present in awake adults, but normal in awake children
  • Present in everyone when sleeping
  • splt into low and high theta activty. High assoicated with memory tasks. Low associated with decreased arousal and increased drowsiness
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9
Q

When is delta wave most prominant/ not?

A
  • dominant rhythm in sleep stages 3 and 4
  • not seen in conscious adults
  • prodcues highest amplitude (neck muscle and jaw movemtns produce same frequency)
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10
Q

What are gamma waves associated with?

A
  • Higher mental acitviteis involving perception and consciousness
  • reflexs me ntal activities involving objects to produce a coherent picture
  • disapears in general anaesthesia and not present in schizophrenics
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11
Q

When interpretating the results of an EEG, what effect does amplitude and frequency have?

A
  • The higher the frequency and lower the amplitude the greater the brain activity
  • The lower the frequency and higher the amplitude the less the brain activity
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12
Q

What are the different sleepstages?

A
  1. REM (rapid eye movement)
  2. Non-REM - stage 1,2,3,4

goes from REM –> Non-REM and does repeative cycles of 90 mins

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13
Q

What happens to latter sleep cycles?

A

REM increases and stage 3/4 shorten

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14
Q

Which sleep stages are deep and which are light?

A
  • 1&2 light
  • 3&4 deep
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15
Q

What changes in EEG waves are assoicated with stage 1?

A
  • decreasing beta activity, less obvious alpha activity and emergence of theta activity
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16
Q

What changes in EEG waves are assoicated with stage 2?

A
  • Irregular theta waves and short bursts of sleep spindles (12-14Hz) and sudden increase in amplitude (K complex)
17
Q

What happens do EGG in stage 3?

A
  • Predominantly delta actvity
  • delta activity present for less than 50% of time
18
Q

What happens to the EGG in stage 4?

A
  • Delta ctivity
19
Q

What is the EGG waves like for REM? what is this state associated with?

A

like stage one but alpha and beta mising and dreming

20
Q

What are secreted during:

  1. REM cycles
  2. Non-REM cycles
A
  1. Testosterone, corticosteriods, norephidrine
  2. seretonin
21
Q

What signs are present in people in

  1. REM
  2. Non-REM
A
  1. Irregular breathing, variations in HR/ BP
  2. Decreased BP, HR, RR
22
Q

What are the left and right side of the brain associated with?

A
  • left logcial
  • right creatice
23
Q

What happens to alpha waves during listening to musci?

A

decreases

24
Q

What is the amplitude of waves of an EEG compared to ECG and EMG. Why?

A

Less - measured through skull and CSF

25
Q
A
26
Q

What are artifacts? Examples?

A

Signals which are non-cerebal in origin and generarated from the body or enviroment (e.g. electrical noise from equipment, facial or eye movements)

27
Q

What happens to aloha wave amp and frequency during mental tasks?

A

amp decreased and frequency depleted

28
Q

What does genurea of music do to alpha wave?

A

decrease amplitude

Kirstys Flashcards (116 decks)

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