Correlations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a correlation?

A

Correlations look at the relationship between variables. Variables are not manipulated so they are called co-variables rather than IV and DV.

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2
Q

How are correlations different to an experiment?

A

Correlations are the relationship whereas experiments are the difference using IV and DV.

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3
Q

What is a positive correlation?

A

The points lie close to a straight line with a positive gradient. As one variable increases, the other variable increases.

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4
Q

What is a negative correlation?

A

The points lie close to a straight line with a negative gradient. As one variable increases, the other decreases.

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5
Q

What is no correlation?

A

There is no pattern. There is no connection between the two variables.

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6
Q

What is the correlation coefficient?

A

A quantifiable figure, calculated from a statistical test that determines the strength and direction of a relationship on a scale of -1 to 1.

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7
Q

What do the correlation coefficient results show?

A

+1 = very strong positive correlation
0.5 = positive relationship
0 = no correlation
- 0.5 = negative correlation
- 1 = very strong negative correlation

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8
Q

Strengths of correlational research

A
  • tells us how variables are related - good starting point in research
  • cheap and easy
  • allows predictions to be made
  • quantification of relationships
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9
Q

Weaknesses of correlational research

A
  • no cause and effect / direction of relationship
  • third variable problem leads to correlations being misinterpreted.
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